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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>G3: GenesGenomesGenetics >Drought Sensitivity of Norway Spruce at the Species’ Warmest Fringe: Quantitative and Molecular Analysis Reveals High Genetic Variation Among and Within Provenances
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Drought Sensitivity of Norway Spruce at the Species’ Warmest Fringe: Quantitative and Molecular Analysis Reveals High Genetic Variation Among and Within Provenances

机译：挪威云杉在物种最温暖边缘的干旱敏感性：定量和分子分析揭示了种源间和种源内的高度遗传变异

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Norway spruce (Picea abies) is by far the most important timber species in Europe, but its outstanding role in future forests is jeopardized by its high sensitivity to drought. We analyzed drought response of Norway spruce at the warmest fringe of its natural range. Based on a 35-year old provenance experiment we tested for genetic variation among and within seed provenances across consecutively occurring strong drought events using dendroclimatic time series. Moreover, we tested for associations between ≈1,700 variable SNPs and traits related to drought response, wood characteristics and climate-growth relationships. We found significant adaptive genetic variation among provenances originating from the species’ Alpine, Central and Southeastern European range. Genetic variation between individuals varied significantly among provenances explaining up to 44% of the phenotypic variation in drought response. Varying phenotypic correlations between drought response and wood traits confirmed differences in selection intensity among seed provenances. Significant associations were found between 29 SNPs and traits related to drought, climate-growth relationships and wood properties which explained between 11 and 43% of trait variation, though 12 of them were due to single individuals having extreme phenotypes of the respective trait. The majority of these SNPs are located within exons of genes and the most important ones are preferentially expressed in cambium and xylem expansion layers. Phenotype-genotype associations were stronger if only provenances with significant quantitative genetic variation in drought response were considered. The present study confirms the high adaptive variation of Norway spruce in Central and Southeastern Europe and demonstrates how quantitative genetic, dendroclimatic and genomic data can be linked to understand the genetic basis of adaptation to climate extremes in trees.
机译：挪威云杉（Picea abies）是迄今为止欧洲最重要的木材种类，但是其对干旱的高度敏感性损害了其在未来森林中的杰出地位。我们分析了挪威云杉在自然范围最温暖边缘的干旱响应。基于35年的起源实验，我们使用树状气候时间序列测试了连续发生的强烈干旱事件中种子起源之间和内部的遗传变异。此外，我们测试了约1,700个可变SNP与与干旱响应，木材特性和气候与生长关系有关的性状之间的关联。我们发现在起源于该物种的高山，中欧和东南欧范围的种源之间存在明显的适应性遗传变异。个体之间的遗传变异在种源之间差异显着，解释了高达44％的干旱反应表型变异。干旱反应和木材性状之间不同的表型相关性证实了种子出处之间选择强度的差异。在与干旱，气候-生长关系和木材特性有关的29个SNP与性状之间发现了显着关联，这解释了11％至43％的性状变异，尽管其中12个是由于单个个体具有各自性状的极端表型。这些SNPs的大多数位于基因的外显子内，最重要的SNPs优先在形成层和木质部扩展层中表达。如果仅考虑干旱反应中具有显着定量遗传变异的种源，则表型与基因型的关联性会更强。本研究证实了挪威云杉在中欧和东南欧的高度适应性变化，并证明了如何将定量的遗传，树状气候和基因组数据联系起来，以了解适应树木极端气候的遗传基础。

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