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Use of Non-invasive Parameters and Machine-Learning Algorithms for Predicting Future Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Health Data From Kuwait

机译:使用非侵入性参数和机器学习算法预测2型糖尿病的未来风险:来自科威特的健康数据回顾性队列研究

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>Objective: In recent decades, the Arab population has experienced an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), particularly within the Gulf Cooperation Council. In this context, early intervention programmes rely on an ability to identify individuals at risk of T2DM. We aimed to build prognostic models for the risk of T2DM in the Arab population using machine-learning algorithms vs. conventional logistic regression (LR) and simple non-invasive clinical markers over three different time scales (3, 5, and 7 years from the baseline).>Design: This retrospective cohort study used three models based on LR, k-nearest neighbours (k-NN), and support vector machines (SVM) with five-fold cross-validation. The models included the following baseline non-invasive parameters: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), pre-existing hypertension, family history of hypertension, and T2DM.>Setting: This study was based on data from the Kuwait Health Network (KHN), which integrated primary health and hospital laboratory data into a single system.>Participants: The study included 1,837 native Kuwaiti Arab individuals (equal proportion of men and women) with mean age as 59.5 ± 11.4 years. Among them, 647 developed T2DM within 7 years of the baseline non-invasive measurements.>Analytical methods: The discriminatory power of each model for classifying people at risk of T2DM within 3, 5, or 7 years and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were determined.>Outcome measures: Onset of T2DM at 3, 5, and 7 years.>Results: The k-NN machine-learning technique, which yielded AUC values of 0.83, 0.82, and 0.79 for 3-, 5-, and 7-year prediction horizons, respectively, outperformed the most commonly used LR method and other previously reported methods. Comparable results were achieved using the SVM and LR models with corresponding AUC values of (SVM: 0.73, LR: 0.74), (SVM: 0.68, LR: 0.72), and (SVM: 0.71, LR: 0.70) for 3-, 5-, and 7-year prediction horizons, respectively. For all models, the discriminatory power decreased as the prediction horizon increased from 3 to 7 years.>Conclusions: Machine-learning techniques represent a useful addition to the commonly reported LR technique. Our prognostic models for the future risk of T2DM could be used to plan and implement early prevention programmes for at risk groups in the Arab population.
机译:>目的:在最近的几十年中,阿拉伯人口的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患病率有所上升,特别是在海湾合作委员会内部。在这种情况下,早期干预计划依赖于识别具有T2DM风险的个体的能力。我们的目标是使用机器学习算法,常规逻辑回归(LR)和简单的非侵入性临床标志物在三个不同的时间范围内(距疾病发生3、5和7年),建立阿拉伯人群T2DM风险的预后模型。 >设计:这项回顾性队列研究使用了基于LR,k最近邻(k-NN)和支持向量机(SVM)的三种模型,具有五重交叉验证。该模型包括以下基线非侵入性参数:年龄,性别,体重指数(BMI),既往高血压,高血压家族史和T2DM。>设置:该研究基于数据来自科威特卫生网络(KHN),该网络将初级卫生和医院实验室数据集成到一个系统中。>参与者:该研究包括1,837名平均年龄的科威特阿拉伯本地人(男女比例相等)为59.5±11.4年。其中,有647位在基线非侵入性测量的7年内开发了T2DM。>分析方法:每种模型对3、5、7年内处于T2DM风险人群的分类能力以及确定了接收器工作特性曲线(AUC)下的面积。>结果指标: 3、5和7年时T2DM发作。>结果:k-NN机器-学习技术的3年,5年和7年预测范围的AUC值分别为0.83、0.82和0.79,优于最常用的LR方法和其他先前报道的方法。使用SVM和LR模型获得了可比较的结果,其中3-,5的相应AUC值分别为(SVM:0.73,LR:0.74),(SVM:0.68,LR:0.72)和(SVM:0.71,LR:0.70) -和7年的预测范围。对于所有模型,判别力都随着预测范围从3年增加到7年而降低。>结论:机器学习技术是对常用的LR技术的有益补充。我们针对T2DM未来风险的预后模型可用于计划和实施针对阿拉伯人群中处于风险中的人群的早期预防计划。

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