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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience >An Emotion-Enriched Context Influences the Effect of Action Observation on Cortical Excitability
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An Emotion-Enriched Context Influences the Effect of Action Observation on Cortical Excitability

机译：情绪丰富的情境影响动作观察对皮层兴奋性的影响。

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Observing other people in action activates the “mirror neuron system” that serves for action comprehension and prediction. Recent evidence suggests that this function requires a high level codification triggered not only by components of motor behavior, but also by the environment where the action is embedded. An overlooked component of action perceiving is the one related to the emotional information provided by the context where the observed action takes place. Indeed, whether valence and arousal associated to an emotion might exert an influence on motor system activation during action observation has not been assessed so far. Here, cortico-spinal excitability of the left motor cortex was recorded in three groups of subjects. In the first condition, motor-evoked potential (MEPs) were recorded from a muscle involved in the grasping movement (i.e., abductor pollicis brevis, APB) while participants were watching the same reach-to-grasp movement embedded in contexts with negative emotional valence, but different levels of arousal: sadness (low arousal), and disgust (high arousal) (“Context plus Movement-APB” condition). In the second condition, MEPs were recorded from APB muscle while participants were observing static images representing the contexts in which the movement observed by participants in “Context plus Movement-APB” condition took place (“Context Only-APB” condition). Finally, in the third condition, MEPS were recorded from a muscle not involved in the grasping action, i.e., abductor digiti minimi, ADM, while participants were watching the same videos shown during the “Context plus Movement-APB” condition (“Context plus Movement-ADM” condition). Results showed a greater increase of cortical excitability only during the observation of the hand moving in the context eliciting disgust, and these changes were specific for the muscle involved in the observed action. Our findings show that the emotional context in which a movement occurs modulates motor resonance and that the combination of negative valence/high arousal drives the greater response in the observer’s mirror neuron system in a strictly muscle specific fashion.
机译：在行动中观察他人会激活“镜子神经元系统”，该系统可用于行动理解和预测。最新证据表明，此功能需要高级编码，不仅由运动行为的组成部分触发，而且还应由嵌入动作的环境触发。动作感知的一个被忽略的部分是与观察到的动作发生的环境所提供的情绪信息有关的部分。确实，到目前为止，尚未评估与情绪相关的效价和唤醒是否可能对动作观察过程中的运动系统激活产生影响。在此，在三组受试者中记录了左运动皮层的皮质-脊髓兴奋性。在第一种情况下，从参与抓握运动的肌肉（即外展短肌外展肌，APB）中记录了运动诱发电位（MEPs），而参与者在负情绪化合价态下观察到了相同的触手可及运动，但不同程度的唤醒：悲伤（低唤醒）和厌恶（高唤醒）（“情境加动作-APB”状态）。在第二种情况下，从APB肌肉记录MEP，而参与者正在观察静态图像，这些静态图像表示参与者在“情境加运动-APB”条件（“仅情境-APB”条件）下观察到的运动的情境。最后，在第三个条件下，从不参与抓握动作的肌肉即指外展指肌ADM中记录了MEPS，而参与者正在观看“ Context plus Movement-APB”条件下显示的相同视频（“ Context plus运动-ADM”条件）。结果表明，仅在观察引起恶心的手运动期间，皮层兴奋性才有更大的提高，并且这些变化是特定于参与观察到的动作的肌肉的。我们的发现表明，发生运动的情绪环境会调节运动共振，负价/高唤醒的结合会以严格的特定于肌肉的方式驱动观察者的镜像神经元系统产生更大的反应。

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