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Declining Artesunate-Mefloquine Efficacy against Falciparum Malaria on the Cambodia–Thailand Border

机译:青蒿琥酯-头孢喹喹在柬埔寨-泰国边界上对抗恶性疟疾的功效下降

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摘要

Resistance to many antimalaria drugs developed on the Cambodia–Thailand border long before developing elsewhere. Because antimalaria resistance is now a global problem, artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the first-line therapies in most malaria-endemic countries. However, recent clinical and molecular studies suggest the emergence of ACT-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Cambodia–Thailand border area, where standard ACT is artesunate and mefloquine. These ACT failures might be caused by high-level mefloquine resistance because mefloquine was used for monotherapy long before the introduction of ACT. This observation raises 2 questions. First, how can existing P. falciparum–resistant strains be controlled? Second, how can the evolution of new ACT- resistant strains be avoided elsewhere, e.g., in Africa? Enforcement of rational drug use and improved diagnostic capacity are among the measures needed to avoid and contain ACT resistance.
机译:对许多抗疟疾药物的抗药性早于柬埔寨-泰国边境就已发展,然后才发展到其他地方。由于目前抗疟疾的问题已成为全球性问题,因此在大多数疟疾流行国家中,基于青蒿素的联合疗法(ACT)是一线疗法。但是,最近的临床和分子研究表明,在柬埔寨-泰国边境地区出现了抗ACT的恶性疟原虫感染,其中标准的ACT是青蒿琥酯和甲氟喹。这些ACT失败可能是由于甲氟喹的高水平耐药性引起的,因为甲氟喹早在引入ACT之前就已用于单一疗法。这个观察提出了两个问题。首先,如何控制现有的抗恶性疟原虫菌株?第二,如何在其他地方(例如在非洲)避免新的抗ACT菌株的进化?加强合理用药和提高诊断能力是避免和遏制ACT耐药性所需的措施之一。

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