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Neighborhood Safety and Major Depressive Disorder in a National Sample of Black Youth; Gender by Ethnic Differences

机译：全国黑人青年样本中的邻里安全和严重抑郁症；性别差异的性别

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Adolescence is a developmental period marked by increased stress, especially among Black youth. In addition to stress related to their developmental transition, social factors such as a perceived unsafe neighborhood impose additional risks. We examined gender and ethnic differences in the association between perceived neighborhood safety and major depressive disorder (MDD) among a national sample of Black youth. We used data from the National Survey of American Life - Adolescents (NSAL-A), 2003–2004. In total, 1170 Black adolescents entered the study. This number was composed of 810 African American and 360 Caribbean Black youth (age 13 to 17). Demographic factors, perceived neighborhood safety, and MDD (Composite International Diagnostic Interview, CIDI) were measured. Logistic regressions were used to test the association between neighborhood safety and MDD in the pooled sample, as well as based on ethnicity by gender groups. In the pooled sample of Black youth, those who perceived their neighborhoods to be unsafe were at higher risk of MDD (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.25; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.02-1.51). The perception that one’s neighborhood is unsafe was associated with a higher risk of MDD among African American males (OR=1.41; 95% CI = 1.03–1.93) but not African American females or Caribbean Black males and females. In conclusion, perceived neighborhood safety is not a universal psychological determinant of MDD across ethnic by gender groups of Black youth; however, policies and programs that enhance the sense of neighborhood safety may prevent MDD in male African American youth.
机译：青春期是一个以压力增加为特征的发育时期，尤其是在黑人青年中。除了与其发展过渡相关的压力外，诸如不安全社区等社会因素还带来了其他风险。我们研究了全国青年黑人样本中邻里安全感和主要抑郁症（MDD）之间的关联中的性别和种族差异。我们使用了2003-2004年美国国家青少年生活调查（NSAL-A）中的数据。总共有1170名黑人青少年进入研究。这个数字由810名非洲裔美国人和360名加勒比黑人（13至17岁）组成。测量了人口统计学因素，邻里安全感和MDD（综合国际诊断访谈，CIDI）。逻辑回归用于检验合并样本中邻里安全与MDD之间的关联，以及基于性别的族裔差异。在汇总的黑人青年样本中，那些认为自己的邻居不安全的人罹患MDD的风险较高（赔率[OR] = 1.25； 95％置信区间[CI] = 1.02-1.51）。认为邻里不安全与非裔美国人中MDD风险较高有关（OR = 1.41； 95％CI = 1.03-1.93），但非裔美国女性或加勒比黑人男性和女性则没有。总之，黑人黑人的性别群体对邻里安全的感知并不是跨种族MDD的普遍心理决定因素；但是，增强邻里安全感的政策和计划可能会阻止非裔美国男性青年发生MDD。

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