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Greater Cognitive Effort for Better Learning: Tailoring anInstructional Design for Learners with Different Levels of Knowledge andMotivation

机译:为更好地学习而付出更大的认知努力:量身定制具有不同知识和知识水平的学习者的教学设计动机

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摘要

The capacity limitation of working memory is a widely recognised determinant of human learning. A cognitive load exceeding the capacity hampers learning. Cognitive load can be controlled by tailoring an instructional design to levels of learner prior knowledge. However, such as design does not necessarily motivate to use the available capacity for better learning. The present review examines literatures on the effects of instructional design, motivation, emotional state, and expertise level on cognitive load and cognitive effort, which ultimately affect working memory performance and learning. This examination suggests further studies on the effects of motivation and negative emotional states on the use of working memory. Prospective findings would help better explain and predict individual differences in the use of working memory for cognitive learning and task performance.
机译:工作记忆的容量限制是人类学习的公认决定因素。超过能力的认知负荷会阻碍学习。可以通过调整教学设计以适应学习者的先验知识水平来控制认知负荷。但是,这样的设计并不一定会激发使用可用的能力来更好地学习。本文综述了有关教学设计,动机,情绪状态和专业知识水平对认知负荷和认知努力的影响的文献,这最终影响了工作记忆的表现和学习。这项检查建议对动机和负面情绪状态对工作记忆的使用进行进一步研究。前瞻性发现将有助于更好地解释和预测使用工作记忆进行认知学习和任务表现的个体差异。

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