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Rethinking the Design of Low-Cost Point-of-Care Diagnostic Devices

机译:低成本护理点诊断设备设计的重新思考

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摘要

Reducing the global diseases burden requires effective diagnosis and treatment. In the developing world, accurate diagnosis can be the most expensive and time-consuming aspect of health care. Healthcare cost can, however, be reduced by use of affordable rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). In the developed world, low-cost RDTs are being developed in many research laboratories; however, they are not being equally adopted in the developing countries. This disconnect points to a gap in the design philosophy, where parameterization of design variables ignores the most critical component of the system, the point-of-use stakeholders (e.g., doctors, nurses and patients). Herein, we demonstrated that a general focus on reducing cost (i.e., “low-cost”), rather than efficiency and reliability is misguided by the assumption that poverty reduces the value individuals place on their well-being. A case study of clinicians in Kenya showed that “zero-cost” is a low-weight parameter for point-of-use stakeholders, while reliability and standardization are crucial. We therefore argue that a user-driven, value-addition systems-engineering approach is needed for the design of RDTs to enhance adoption and translation into the field.
机译:减轻全球疾病负担需要有效的诊断和治疗。在发展中国家,准确的诊断可能是医疗保健中最昂贵,最耗时的方面。但是,可以通过使用负担得起的快速诊断测试(RDT)降低医疗保健成本。在发达国家,许多研究实验室正在开发低成本的RDT。但是,它们在发展中国家并没有被平等地采用。这种脱节表明了设计理念上的空白,其中设计变量的参数化忽略了系统的最关键部分,即使用点利益相关者(例如,医生,护士和患者)。在此,我们证明,贫困是降低个人对自身福祉的价值的假设,误导了人们普遍关注降低成本(即“低成本”),而不是效率和可靠性。肯尼亚临床医生的案例研究表明,“零成本”是使用点利益相关者的低权重参数,而可靠性和标准化至关重要。因此,我们认为,RDT的设计需要一种用户驱动的增值系统工程方法,以增强采用和转化为实地的能力。

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