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Creation of Artificial Cell-Like Structures Promoted by Microfluidics Technologies

机译:微流控技术促进人工细胞样结构的产生

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摘要

The creation of artificial cells is an immensely challenging task in science. Artificial cells contribute to revealing the mechanisms of biological systems and deepening our understanding of them. The progress of versatile biological research fields has clarified many biological phenomena, and various artificial cell models have been proposed in these fields. Microfluidics provides useful technologies for the study of artificial cells because it allows the fabrication of cell-like compartments, including water-in-oil emulsions and giant unilamellar vesicles. Furthermore, microfluidics also allows the mimicry of cellular functions with chip devices based on sophisticated chamber design. In this review, we describe contributions of microfluidics to the study of artificial cells. Although typical microfluidic methods are useful for the creation of artificial-cell compartments, recent methods provide further benefits, including low-cost fabrication and a reduction of the sample volume. Microfluidics also allows us to create multi-compartments, compartments with artificial organelles, and on-chip artificial cells. We discuss these topics and the future perspective of microfluidics for the study of artificial cells and molecular robotics.
机译:人造细胞的创建是科学中一项极为艰巨的任务。人造细胞有助于揭示生物系统的机制并加深我们对它们的理解。通用生物学研究领域的进展已经阐明了许多生物学现象,并且在这些领域中已经提出了各种人造细胞模型。微流体技术为人造细胞的研究提供了有用的技术,因为它可以制造细胞状隔室,包括油包水型乳剂和巨大的单层囊泡。此外,微流体技术还允许基于复杂腔室设计的芯片设备模仿细胞功能。在这篇综述中,我们描述了微流体对人工细胞研究的贡献。尽管典型的微流体方法可用于创建人造细胞隔室,但最近的方法还提供了其他好处,包括低成本制造和减少样品量。微流体技术还使我们能够创建多隔室,带有人造细胞器的隔室以及芯片上的人造细胞。我们将讨论这些主题以及微流体技术在人工细胞和分子机器人技术研究中的未来前景。

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