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Nanoemulsion Formulations of Fungicide Tebuconazole for Agricultural Applications

机译:农用杀菌剂戊丁康纳米乳剂

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摘要

Tebuconazole (TBZ) nanoemulsions (NEs) were formulated using a low energy method. TBZ composition directly affected the drop size and surface tension of the NE. Water fraction and the organic-to-surfactant-ratio (RO/S) were evaluated in the range of 1–90 and 1–10 wt %, respectively. The study was carried out with an organic phase (OP) consisting of an acetone/glycerol mixture containing TBZ at a concentration of 5.4 wt % and Tween 80 (TW80) as a nonionic and Agnique BL1754 (AG54) as a mixture of nonionic and anionic surfactants. The process involved a large dilution of a bicontinuous microemulsion (ME) into an aqueous phase (AP). Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of the OP//TW80//AP and OP//AG54//AP systems at T = 25 °C were determined to map ME regions; these were in the range of 0.49–0.90, 0.01–0.23, and 0.07–0.49 of OP, AP, and surfactant, respectively. Optical microscope images helped confirm ME formation and system viscosity was measured in the range of 25–147 cP. NEs with drop sizes about 9 nm and 250 nm were achieved with TW80 and AG54, respectively. An innovative low-energy method was used to develop nanopesticide TBZ formulations based on nanoemulsion (NE) technology. The surface tension of the studied systems can be lowered 50% more than that of pure water. This study’s proposed low-energy NE formulations may prove useful in sustainable agriculture.
机译:使用低能量方法配制了戊唑醇(TBZ)纳米乳剂(NEs)。 TBZ的组成直接影响NE的​​液滴尺寸和表面张力。水分数和有机表面活性剂比率(RO / S)分别在1–90 wt%和1–10 wt%的范围内进行评估。该研究是用有机相(OP)进行的,有机相由浓度为5.4 wt%的TBZ的丙酮/甘油混合物和非离子的Tween 80(TW80)和非离子和阴离子的Agnique BL1754(AG54)组成。表面活性剂。该方法涉及将双连续微乳液(ME)大量稀释到水相(AP)中。确定了T = 25°C时OP // TW80 // AP和OP // AG54 // AP系统的伪三元相图,以绘制ME区域。它们分别在OP,AP和表面活性剂的0.49–0.90、0.01–0.23和0.07–0.49的范围内。光学显微镜图像有助于确认ME的形成,并且系统粘度在25–147 cP范围内测量。 TW80和AG54分别实现了液滴尺寸分别约为9 nm和250 nm的NE。一种创新的低能耗方法用于开发基于纳米乳液(NE)技术的纳米农药TBZ制剂。所研究系统的表面张力可以比纯水降低50%以上。这项研究提出的低能耗NE配方可能证明对可持续农业有用。

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