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Mesoporous Silica-Based Materials for Electronics-Oriented Applications

机译:面向电子应用的介孔二氧化硅基材料

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摘要

Electronics, and nanoelectronics in particular, represent one of the most promising branches of technology. The search for novel and more efficient materials seems to be natural here. Thus far, silicon-based devices have been monopolizing this domain. Indeed, it is justified since it allows for significant miniaturization of electronic elements by their densification in integrated circuits. Nevertheless, silicon has some restrictions. Since this material is applied in the bulk form, the miniaturization limit seems to be already reached. Moreover, smaller silicon-based elements (mainly processors) need much more energy and generate significantly more heat than their larger counterparts. In our opinion, the future belongs to nanostructured materials where a proper structure is obtained by means of bottom-up nanotechnology. A great example of a material utilizing nanostructuring is mesoporous silica, which, due to its outstanding properties, can find numerous applications in electronic devices. This focused review is devoted to the application of porous silica-based materials in electronics. We guide the reader through the development and most crucial findings of porous silica from its first synthesis in 1992 to the present. The article describes constant struggle of researchers to find better solutions to supercapacitors, lower the k value or redox-active hybrids while maintaining robust mechanical properties. Finally, the last section refers to ultra-modern applications of silica such as molecular artificial neural networks or super-dense magnetic memory storage.
机译:电子学,尤其是纳米电子学,代表了最有前途的技术分支之一。在这里寻找新颖,更有效的材料似乎是很自然的。迄今为止,基于硅的器件一直在垄断这一领域。实际上,这是有道理的,因为它允许通过在集成电路中进行致密化来使电子元件显着小型化。尽管如此,硅还是有一些限制。由于这种材料是以散装形式施加的,因此似乎已经达到了最小化极限。而且,较小的硅基元件(主要是处理器)比较大的硅基元件需要更多的能量并产生更多的热量。我们认为,未来属于纳米结构材料,通过自下而上的纳米技术可以获得适当的结构。利用纳米结构的材料的一个很好的例子是中孔二氧化硅,由于其优异的性能,可以在电子设备中找到许多应用。这篇重点综述专门介绍了多孔二氧化硅基材料在电子领域的应用。从1992年首次合成多孔二氧化硅到现在,我们一直指导着读者进行多孔二氧化硅的开发和最关键的发现。这篇文章描述了研究人员不断努力寻找更好的超级电容器解决方案,降低k值或氧化还原活性混合动力,同时保持强大的机械性能。最后,最后一部分涉及二氧化硅的超现代应用,例如分子人工神经网络或超密集磁存储。

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