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Breakthrough to Non-Vacuum Deposition of Single-Crystal Ultra-Thin Homogeneous Nanoparticle Layers: A Better Alternative to Chemical Bath Deposition and Atomic Layer Deposition

机译:单晶超薄均质纳米颗粒层的非真空沉积突破:化学浴沉积和原子层沉积的更好替代方法

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摘要

Most thin-film techniques require a multiple vacuum process, and cannot produce high-coverage continuous thin films with the thickness of a few nanometers on rough surfaces. We present a new ”paradigm shift” non-vacuum process to deposit high-quality, ultra-thin, single-crystal layers of coalesced sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) with controllable thickness down to a few nanometers, based on thermal decomposition. This provides high-coverage, homogeneous thickness, and large-area deposition over a rough surface, with little material loss or liquid chemical waste, and deposition rates of 10 nm/min. This technique can potentially replace conventional thin-film deposition methods, such as atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical bath deposition (CBD) as used by the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cell industry for decades. We demonstrate 32% improvement of CIGS thin-film solar cell efficiency in comparison to reference devices prepared by conventional CBD deposition method by depositing the ZnS NPs buffer layer using the new process. The new ZnS NPs layer allows reduction of an intrinsic ZnO layer, which can lead to severe shunt leakage in case of a CBD buffer layer. This leads to a 65% relative efficiency increase.
机译:大多数薄膜技术需要多次真空处理,并且不能在粗糙表面上生产几纳米厚的高覆盖率连续薄膜。我们提出了一种新的“范式转变”非真空工艺,该工艺可基于热分解来沉积厚度可控制至几纳米的聚结硫化物纳米粒子(NP)的高质量,超薄单晶层。这样可以在粗糙表面上提供高覆盖率,均匀的厚度和大面积沉积,几乎没有材料损失或液体化学废物,沉积速率为10 nm / min。这项技术有可能取代传统的薄膜沉积方法,例如数十年来被Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)薄膜太阳能电池行业使用的原子层沉积(ALD)和化学浴沉积(CBD)。通过使用新工艺沉积ZnS NPs缓冲层,我们证明了与通过常规CBD沉积方法制备的参考器件相比,CIGS薄膜太阳能电池效率提高了32%。新的ZnS NPs层允许减少本征ZnO层,如果使用CBD缓冲层,则可能导致严重的分流泄漏。这导致相对效率提高65%。

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