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Impulsivity and Risk Taking in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

机译：双相情感障碍和精神分裂症的冲动性和冒险精神

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Impulsive risk taking contributes to deleterious outcomes among clinical populations. Indeed, pathological impulsivity and risk taking are common in patients with serious mental illness, and have severe clinical repercussions including novelty seeking, response disinhibition, aggression, and substance abuse. Thus, the current study seeks to examine self-reported impulsivity (Barratt Impulsivity Scale) and performance-based behavioral risk taking (Balloon Analogue Risk Task) in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Participants included 68 individuals with bipolar disorder, 38 with schizophrenia, and 36 healthy controls. Self-reported impulsivity was elevated in the bipolar group compared with schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, who did not differ from each other. On the risk-taking task, schizophrenia patients were significantly more risk averse than the bipolar patients and controls. Aside from the diagnostic group differences, there was a significant effect of antipsychotic (AP) medication within the bipolar group: bipolar patients taking AP medications were more risk averse than those not taking AP medications. This difference in risk taking because of AP medications was not explained by history of psychosis. Similarly, the differences in risk taking between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were not fully explained by AP effects. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
机译：冲动冒险承担了临床人群中有害的后果。确实，病理冲动和冒险精神在患有严重精神疾病的患者中很常见，并具有严重的临床影响，包括寻求新奇，抑制反应，攻击性和滥用药物。因此，本研究旨在研究双相情感障碍和精神分裂症的自我报告冲动（Barratt冲动量表）和基于表现的行为风险承担（气球类比风险任务）。参与者包括躁郁症68例，精神分裂症38例和健康对照者36例。与精神分裂症患者和健康对照者相比，双相情感障碍者的自我报告的冲动性升高，两者没有差异。在冒险任务上，精神分裂症患者比双相情感障碍患者和对照组的风险规避性明显更高。除了诊断组的差异外，双相情感障碍组中的抗精神病药（AP）效果显着：与未接受AP药物治疗相比，双相情感障碍患者服用AP药物的风险规避性更高。精神病史不能解释由于接受AP药物而冒险的差异。同样，精神分裂症和双相情感障碍之间冒险的差异也不能通过AP效应得到充分解释。讨论了对临床实践和未来研究的意义。

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