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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Nutrients >Nutritionally Optimized Culturally Acceptable Cost-Minimized Diets for Low Income Ghanaian Families Using Linear Programming
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Nutritionally Optimized Culturally Acceptable Cost-Minimized Diets for Low Income Ghanaian Families Using Linear Programming

机译：使用线性规划为低收入加纳家庭提供营养优化文化可接受且成本最低的饮食

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摘要

The Ghanaian population suffers from a double burden of malnutrition. Cost of food is considered a barrier to achieving a health-promoting diet. Food prices were collected in major cities and in rural areas in southern Ghana. Linear programming (LP) was used to calculate nutritionally optimized diets (food baskets (FBs)) for a low-income Ghanaian family of four that fulfilled energy and nutrient recommendations in both rural and urban settings. Calculations included implementing cultural acceptability for families living in extreme and moderate poverty (food budget under USD 1.9 and 3.1 per day respectively). Energy-appropriate FBs minimized for cost, following Food Balance Sheets (FBS), lacked key micronutrients such as iodine, vitamin B12 and iron for the mothers. Nutritionally adequate FBs were achieved in all settings when optimizing for a diet cheaper than USD 3.1. However, when delimiting cost to USD 1.9 in rural areas, wild foods had to be included in order to meet nutritional adequacy. Optimization suggested to reduce roots, tubers and fruits and to increase cereals, vegetables and oil-bearing crops compared with FBS. LP is a useful tool to design culturally acceptable diets at minimum cost for low-income Ghanaian families to help advise national authorities how to overcome the double burden of malnutrition.
机译：加纳人口遭受营养不良的双重负担。食品成本被认为是实现健康饮食的障碍。食品价格在加纳南部的主要城市和农村地区收集。线性规划（LP）用于计算加纳低收入的四口之家的营养优化饮食（食物篮（FBs）），这些家庭在农村和城市环境中均满足能量和营养的建议。计算包括实现极端贫困和中等贫困家庭的文化接受度（每天的食物预算分别低于1.9美元和3.1美元）。食品平衡表（FBS）之后，适合能源的FBs使成本降至最低，母亲缺乏关键的微量营养素，如碘，维生素B12和铁。当优化饮食以使其价格低于3.1美元时，在所有情况下均可获得营养充足的FB。但是，在农村地区将成本定为1.9美元时，必须包括野生食品，以满足营养需求。与FBS相比，优化建议减少根，块茎和水果，并增加谷物，蔬菜和油料作物。 LP是一种有用的工具，可为加纳低收入家庭以最低的成本设计出可以接受的文化饮食，以帮助建议国家当局如何克服营养不良的双重负担。

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