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Strigolactone Signaling in Arabidopsis Regulates Shoot Development by Targeting D53-Like SMXL Repressor Proteins for Ubiquitination and Degradation

机译:拟南芥中的Strigolactone信号传导通过靶向D53样SMXL阻遏蛋白的泛素化和降解来调控芽的发育。

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摘要

Strigolactones () are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that control many aspects of plant development, including shoot branching, leaf shape, stem secondary thickening, and lateral root growth. In rice (Oryza sativa), signaling requires the degradation of DWARF53 (D53), mediated by a complex including D14 and D3, but in Arabidopsis thaliana, the components and mechanism of signaling involving the D3 ortholog MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2) are unknown. Here, we show that -dependent regulation of shoot branching in Arabidopsis requires three D53-like proteins, SUPPRESSOR OF MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2-LIKE6 (SMXL6), SMXL7, and SMXL8. The smxl6 smxl7 smxl8 triple mutant suppresses the highly branched phenotypes of max2 and the -deficient mutant max3. Overexpression of a mutant form of SMXL6 that is resistant to -induced ubiquitination and degradation enhances shoot branching. Exogenous application of the analog rac-GR24 causes ubiquitination and degradation of SMXL6, 7, and 8; this requires D14 and MAX2. D53-like SMXLs form complexes with MAX2 and TOPLESS-RELATED PROTEIN2 (TPR2) and interact with D14 in a GR24-responsive manner. Furthermore, D53-like SMXLs exhibit TPR2-dependent transcriptional repression activity and repress the expression of BRANCHED1. Our findings reveal that in Arabidopsis, D53-like SMXLs act with TPR2 to repress transcription and so allow lateral bud outgrowth but that -induced degradation of D53-like proteins activates transcription to inhibit outgrowth.
机译:Strigolactones()是类胡萝卜素衍生的植物激素,可控制植物发育的许多方面,包括枝条分支,叶片形状,茎次生增厚和侧根生长。在水稻中,信号传导需要DWARF53(D53)的降解,该降解由包括D14和D3的复合物介导,但在拟南芥中,涉及D3直向同源物MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2(MAX2)的信号传导的成分和机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们显示了拟南芥中芽分支的依赖性调控需要三种D53样蛋白,更多的腋窝生长抑制蛋白LIKE6(SMXL6),SMXL7和SMXL8。 smx16 smxl7 smxl8三重突变体抑制了max2和-3缺陷型突变体max3的高度分支表型。对诱导的泛素化和降解具有抗性的SMXL6突变形式的过表达增强了枝条的分支。外源施加类似的rac-GR24会引起SMXL6、7和8的泛素化和降解。这需要D14和MAX2。类似于D53的SMXL与MAX2和与TOPLESS相关的蛋白质2(TPR2)形成复合物,并以GR24响应方式与D14相互作用。此外,D53样SMXL表现出TPR2依赖的转录抑制活性,并抑制BRANCHED1的表达。我们的发现表明,在拟南芥中,D53样SMXL与TPR2共同抑制转录,因此允许侧芽生长,但是D53样蛋白的诱导降解激活转录以抑制生长。

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