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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Plant Physiology >Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry as a New Tool for Real Time Analysis of Root-Secreted Volatile Organic Compounds in Arabidopsis
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Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry as a New Tool for Real Time Analysis of Root-Secreted Volatile Organic Compounds in Arabidopsis

机译：质子转移反应质谱作为拟南芥根分泌的挥发性有机化合物实时分析的新工具

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Plant roots release about 5% to 20% of all photosynthetically-fixed carbon, and as a result create a carbon-rich environment for numerous rhizosphere organisms, including plant pathogens and symbiotic microbes. Although some characterization of root exudates has been achieved, especially of secondary metabolites and proteins, much less is known about volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by roots. In this communication, we describe a novel approach to exploring these rhizosphere VOCs and their induction by biotic stresses. The VOC formation of Arabidopsis roots was analyzed using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), a new technology that allows rapid and real time analysis of most biogenic VOCs without preconcentration or chromatography. Our studies revealed that the major VOCs released and identified by both PTR-MS and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were either simple metabolites, ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, 2-butanone, 2,3,-butanedione, and acetone, or the monoterpene, 1,8-cineole. Some VOCs were found to be produced constitutively regardless of the treatment; other VOCs were induced specifically as a result of different compatible and noncompatible interactions between microbes and insects and Arabidopsis roots. Compatible interactions of Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 and Diuraphis noxia with Arabidopsis roots resulted in the rapid release of 1,8-cineole, a monoterpene that has not been previously reported in Arabidopsis. Mechanical injuries to Arabidopsis roots did not produce 1,8-cineole nor any C6 wound-VOCs; compatible interactions between Arabidopsis roots and Diuraphis noxia did not produce any wound compounds. This suggests that Arabidopsis roots respond to wounding differently from above-ground plant organs. Trials with incompatible interactions did not reveal a set of compounds that was significantly different compared to the noninfected roots. The PTR-MS method may open the way for functional root VOC analysis that will complement genomic investigations in Arabidopsis.
机译：植物根部释放所有光合作用固定碳的约5％至20％，因此为许多根际生物（包括植物病原体和共生微生物）创造了一个富含碳的环境。尽管已经实现了根系分泌物的某些表征，尤其是次生代谢产物和蛋白质的表征，但人们对根系释放的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的了解还很少。在本交流中，我们描述了探索这些根际VOC及其通过生物胁迫诱导的新颖方法。使用质子转移反应质谱法（PTR-MS）分析了拟南芥根的VOC形成，该新技术可对大多数生物源VOC进行快速，实时分析，而无需进行预浓缩或色谱分析。我们的研究表明，通过PTR-MS和气相色谱-质谱联用法测定和释放的主要VOC是简单的代谢物，乙醇，乙醛，乙酸，乙酸乙酯，2-丁酮，2,3-丁二酮和丙酮，或单萜1,8-桉树脑。不论处理如何，都发现一些挥发性有机化合物是组成性产生的。其他挥发性有机化合物是微生物和昆虫与拟南芥根之间不同相容和不相容相互作用的特异性诱导产物。丁香假单胞菌DC3000和Diuraphis noxia与拟南芥根的相容性相互作用导致1,8-桉树脑的快速释放，这是以前在拟南芥中尚未报道的单萜。机械伤害拟南芥根不会产生1,8-桉树脑，也不会产生任何C6伤口挥发性有机化合物。拟南芥根和迪拉菲斯无氧菌之间的相容相互作用不会产生任何伤口化合物。这表明拟南芥根对受伤的反应与地上植物器官的反应不同。相互作用不兼容的试验未发现与未感染根部相比有显着差异的一组化合物。 PTR-MS方法可能为功能性根VOC分析开辟道路，这将补充拟南芥中的基因组研究。

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