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An integrative association method for omics data based on a modified Fisher’s method with application to childhood asthma

机译:一种基于改良费舍尔方法的组学数据综合关联方法并应用于儿童哮喘

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摘要

The development of high-throughput biotechnologies allows the collection of omics data to study the biological mechanisms underlying complex diseases at different levels, such as genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics. However, each technology is designed to collect a specific type of omics data. Thus, the association between a disease and one type of omics data is usually tested individually, but this strategy is suboptimal. To better articulate biological processes and increase the consistency of variant identification, omics data from various platforms need to be integrated. In this report, we introduce an approach that uses a modified Fisher’s method (denoted as Omnibus-Fisher) to combine separate p-values of association testing for a trait and SNPs, DNA methylation markers, and RNA sequencing, calculated by kernel machine regression into an overall gene-level p-value to account for correlation between omics data. To consider all possible disease models, we extend Omnibus-Fisher to an optimal test by using perturbations. In our simulations, a usual Fisher’s method has inflated type I error rates when directly applied to correlated omics data. In contrast, Omnibus-Fisher preserves the expected type I error rates. Moreover, Omnibus-Fisher has increased power compared to its optimal version when the true disease model involves all types of omics data. On the other hand, the optimal Omnibus-Fisher is more powerful than its regular version when only one type of data is causal. Finally, we illustrate our proposed method by analyzing whole-genome genotyping, DNA methylation data, and RNA sequencing data from a study of childhood asthma in Puerto Ricans.
机译:高通量生物技术的发展允许收集组学数据,以研究复杂疾病的不同层次的生物学机制,例如基因组学,表观基因组学和转录组学。但是,每种技术都旨在收集特定类型的组学数据。因此,通常会单独测试疾病和一种类型的组学数据之间的关联,但是这种策略并不理想。为了更好地阐明生物学过程并提高变异识别的一致性,需要整合来自各种平台的组学数据。在本报告中,我们介绍一种方法,该方法使用改良的Fisher方法(称为Omnibus-Fisher),将性状和SNP,DNA甲基化标记和RNA测序的关联测试的单独p值组合在一起,通过核机器回归计算得出总体基因水平的p值,用于说明组学数据之间的相关性。为了考虑所有可能的疾病模型,我们通过使用扰动将Omnibus-Fisher扩展到最佳测试。在我们的模拟中,通常的Fisher方法直接应用于相关的组学数据时,会增加I型错误率。相反,Omnibus-Fisher保留了预期的I型错误率。此外,当真正的疾病模型涉及所有类型的组学数据时,与最佳版本相比,多功能鱼叉具有更大的功能。另一方面,当只有一种类型的数据是有因果关系时,最佳的Omnibus-Fisher比其常规版本更强大。最后,我们通过分析波多黎各人儿童哮喘的全基因组基因分型,DNA甲基化数据和RNA测序数据来说明我们提出的方法。

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