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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Pathogens >Involvement of the Cytokine MIF in the Snail Host Immune Response to the Parasite Schistosoma mansoni
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Involvement of the Cytokine MIF in the Snail Host Immune Response to the Parasite Schistosoma mansoni

机译：细胞因子MIF参与蜗牛寄主对曼氏血吸虫的免疫反应。

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摘要

We have identified and characterized a Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) family member in the Lophotrochozoan invertebrate, Biomphalaria glabrata, the snail intermediate host of the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. In mammals, MIF is a widely expressed pleiotropic cytokine with potent pro-inflammatory properties that controls cell functions such as gene expression, proliferation or apoptosis. Here we show that the MIF protein from B. glabrata (BgMIF) is expressed in circulating immune defense cells (hemocytes) of the snail as well as in the B. glabrata embryonic (Bge) cell line that has hemocyte-like features. Recombinant BgMIF (rBgMIF) induced cell proliferation and inhibited NO-dependent p53-mediated apoptosis in Bge cells. Moreover, knock-down of BgMIF expression in Bge cells interfered with the in vitro encapsulation of S. mansoni sporocysts. Furthermore, the in vivo knock-down of BgMIF prevented the changes in circulating hemocyte populations that occur in response to an infection by S. mansoni miracidia and led to a significant increase in the parasite burden of the snails. These results provide the first functional evidence that a MIF ortholog is involved in an invertebrate immune response towards a parasitic infection and highlight the importance of cytokines in invertebrate-parasite interactions.
机译：我们已经确定并表征了巨噬细胞无脊椎动物梭菌，无脊椎动物Biomphalaria glabrata中的巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子（MIF）家庭成员，它是人类血吸虫曼氏血吸虫的蜗牛中间宿主。在哺乳动物中，MIF是一种广泛表达的多效性细胞因子，具有有效的促炎特性，可控制细胞功能，如基因表达，增殖或凋亡。在这里，我们显示了来自光滑芽孢杆菌的MIF蛋白（BgMIF）在蜗牛的循环免疫防御细胞（血细胞）以及具有血细胞样特征的光滑芽孢杆菌胚胎（Bge）细胞系中表达。重组BgMIF（rBgMIF）诱导细胞增殖并抑制NO依赖的p53介导的Bge细胞凋亡。此外，Bge细胞中BgMIF表达的敲低干扰了曼氏葡萄球菌孢子囊的体外封装。此外，体内敲除BgMIF可以防止循环血细胞数量的变化，这种变化是由于曼氏沙门氏菌miracidia感染引起的，并导致了蜗牛的寄生虫负担的显着增加。这些结果提供了第一个功能性证据，表明MIF直系同源物参与了针对寄生虫感染的无脊椎动物免疫反应，并突显了细胞因子在无脊椎动物-寄生虫相互作用中的重要性。

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