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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Reciprocal and nonreciprocal recombination in diploid clones from Bacillus subtilis protoplast fusion: Association with the replication origin and terminus
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Reciprocal and nonreciprocal recombination in diploid clones from Bacillus subtilis protoplast fusion: Association with the replication origin and terminus

机译：枯草芽孢杆菌原生质体融合的二倍体克隆中的双向和非双向重组：与复制起点和末端的关联

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摘要

The primary heterodiploid bacteria regenerated after Bacillus subtilis fusion, although generally noncomplementing diploids, behave in pedigree analysis as multipotential systems. Individual diploid colonies yielding complete reciprocal recombinant (RR) progeny—often accompanied by one or both parents—constitute 10-30% of the total recombinant-forming units. The RR (reciprocal for 8-11 genes) usually occur in equivalent numbers both among and within individual colonies. Novel for bacteria, they demonstrate that entire parental genomes brought together within a diploid protoplast are retained as two independent replicons able to undergo classical recombination characteristic of eukaryotic gametogenesis. Parental or recombinant genomes are also subject to multiple rounds of recombination without obligate segregation and often not reciprocal. Diploid recombinant clones, sharing streptomycin resistance but reciprocal for auxotrophic markers, have displayed a partial ability to make a facultative shift in chromosome expression. They have also produced two types of prototrophs: a stable one (presumably haploid and recombinant) and an unstable one, (diploid and temporarily complementing at low frequency). It follows that chromosome extinction may affect both parental and recombinant chromosomes and does not interfere with recombination. Analysis of the number and chromosomal distribution of crossovers in all recombinants and those from single diploid clones shows increased frequency of exchange in the regions of the replication origin and terminus, possibly a result of the association of these sites with the cell wall or membrane.
机译：枯草芽孢杆菌融合后再生的主要异源二倍体细菌，尽管通常是非互补的二倍体，但在谱系分析中表现为多能系统。产生完整的相互重组（RR）后代的单个二倍体菌落-通常由一个或两个亲本陪同-构成总重组形成单位的10-30％。 RR（8-11个基因的倒数）通常在单个菌落内和菌落内均等价。他们证明了细菌的新颖性，即将二倍体原生质体中聚集的整个亲本基因组保留为两个独立的复制子，能够经历真核配子发生的经典重组特征。亲本或重组基因组也经历多轮重组而没有专心的分离，并且常常是不可逆的。具有链霉素抗性但营养缺陷型标记互为对立的二倍体重组克隆已显示出在染色体表达中发生兼性转移的部分能力。他们还产生了两种类型的原养生物：一种稳定的原养生物（大概是单倍体和重组体）和一种不稳定的原养生物（二倍体和低频暂时互补）。因此，染色体的灭绝可能会影响亲代和重组染色体，并且不会干扰重组。对所有重组体和来自单个二倍体克隆的交叉体的数目和染色体分布的分析表明，复制起点和末端区域的交换频率增加，可能是这些位点与细胞壁或细胞膜缔合的结果。

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