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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Extraordinarily polymorphic microsatellite DNA in barley: species diversity chromosomal locations and population dynamics.
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Extraordinarily polymorphic microsatellite DNA in barley: species diversity chromosomal locations and population dynamics.

机译：大麦中的多态微卫星DNA：物种多样性染色体位置和种群动态。

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This study was undertaken to assess the extent of genetic variation in barley simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and to study the evolutionary dynamics of SSR alleles. SSR polymorphisms were resolved by the polymerase chain reaction with four pairs of primers. In total, 71 variants were observed in a sample of 207 accessions of wild and cultivated barley. Analyses of wheat-barley addition lines and barley doubled haploids identified these variants (alleles) with four loci, each located on a different chromosome. The numbers of alleles detected at a locus corresponded to the number of nucleotide repeats in the microsatellite sequences. The numbers of alleles at two loci were 28 and 37; to our knowledge these are the largest numbers of alleles for single Mendelian loci reported in plants. Three alleles were resolved by each of the other two loci. Allelic diversity was greater in wild than in cultivated barley and surveys of two generations (F8 and F53) of Composite Cross II, an experimental population of cultivated barley, showed that few of the alleles present in the 28 parents survived into generation F53, whereas some infrequent alleles reached high frequencies. Such changes in frequency indicate that the chromosomal segments marked by the SSR alleles are under the influence of natural selection. The SSR variants allow specific DNA sequences to be followed through generations. Thus, the great resolving power of SSR assays may provide clues regarding the precise targets of natural and man-directed selection.
机译：进行这项研究来评估大麦简单序列重复（SSR）的遗传变异程度，并研究SSR等位基因的进化动力学。通过四对引物通过聚合酶链反应解决了SSR多态性。在207种野生和栽培大麦样品中总共观察到71个变体。小麦-大麦附加系和大麦加倍单倍体的分析确定了这些带有四个基因座的变异（等位基因），每个基因座位于不同的染色体上。在一个基因座处检测到的等位基因数量与微卫星序列中核苷酸重复序列的数量相对应。两个基因座的等位基因数目分别为28和37；据我们所知，这些是植物中单个孟德尔基因座的等位基因数量最多。其他两个基因座分别解析了三个等位基因。在野生环境中，等位基因多样性要比在栽培大麦中要大，对两代（F8和F53）的合成大麦的实验种群进行的调查表明，在28个亲本中存在的等位基因很少能存活到F53代，而有些则是很少的等位基因达到高频率。频率的这种变化表明，由SSR等位基因标记的染色体区段处于自然选择的影响下。 SSR变体允许特定的DNA序列世代相传。因此，SSR分析的强大分辨力可以提供有关自然选择和人为选择的精确目标的线索。

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