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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >GSP-1 genes are linked to the grain hardness locus (Ha) on wheat chromosome 5D.
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GSP-1 genes are linked to the grain hardness locus (Ha) on wheat chromosome 5D.

机译：GSP-1基因与小麦5D染色体上的谷物硬度位点（Ha）相关。

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摘要

An important determinant of wheat grain quality is the hardness of the grain. The trait is controlled by a major locus, Ha, on the short arm of chromosome 5D. Purified starch granules from soft-grained wheats have associated with them 15-kDa polypeptides called grain softness proteins (GSPs) or "friabilins." Genes that encode one family of closely related GSP polypeptides - GSP-1 genes - were mapped using chromosome substitution lines to the group 5 chromosomes. An F2 population segregating for hard and soft alleles at the Ha locus on a near-isogenic background was used in a single-seed study of the inheritance of grain softness and of GSP-1 alleles. Grain softness versus grain hardness was inherited in a 3:1 ratio. The presence versus absence of GSPs in single seed starch preparations was coinherited with grain softness versus hardness. This showed that grain softness is primarily determined by seed, and not by maternal, genotype. In addition, no recombination was detected in 44 F2 plants between GSP-1 restriction fragment length polymorphisms and Ha alleles. Differences between hard and soft wheat grains in membrane structure and lipid extractability have been described and, of the three characterized proteins that are part of the mixture of 15-kDa polypeptides called GSPs, at least two, and probably all three, are proteins that bind polar lipids. The data are interpreted to suggest that the Ha locus may encode one or more members of a large family of lipid-binding proteins.
机译：决定小麦品质的重要因素是谷物的硬度。该性状由5D染色体短臂上的主要基因座Ha控制。来自软粒小麦的纯化淀粉颗粒与它们相关联的15-kDa多肽被称为谷物柔软度蛋白（GSP）或“ friabilins”。使用染色体替代系将编码一个紧密相关的GSP多肽家族的基因-GSP-1基因定位到第5组染色体。在单基因研究中研究了在近等基因背景下在Ha基因座处的硬等位基因和软等位基因分离的F2群体。晶粒柔软度与晶粒硬度的比率为3：1。单种子淀粉制品中GSP的存在与不存在与谷物的柔软度与硬度相一致。这表明谷物的柔软度主要由种子而不是母体基因型决定。另外，在44个F2植物中，在GSP-1限制性片段长度多态性和Ha等位基因之间未检测到重组。已经描述了硬麦粒和软麦粒在膜结构和脂质提取能力上的差异，在属于15 kDa多肽（称为GSPs）混合物的三种特征蛋白中，至少两种（可能全部三种）是结合蛋白极性脂质。数据被解释为暗示Ha基因座可编码一大类脂质结合蛋白的一个或多个成员。

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