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Tapping natural reservoirs of homing endonucleases for targeted gene modification

机译:挖掘归巢核酸内切酶的天然储库以进行靶向基因修饰

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摘要

Homing endonucleases mobilize their own genes by generating double-strand breaks at individual target sites within potential host DNA. Because of their high specificity, these proteins are used for “genome editing” in higher eukaryotes. However, alteration of homing endonuclease specificity is quite challenging. Here we describe the identification and phylogenetic analysis of over 200 naturally occurring LAGLIDADG homing endonucleases (LHEs). Biochemical and structural characterization of endonucleases from one clade within the phylogenetic tree demonstrates strong conservation of protein structure contrasted against highly diverged DNA target sites and indicates that a significant fraction of these proteins are sufficiently stable and active to serve as engineering scaffolds. This information was exploited to create a targeting enzyme to disrupt the endogenous monoamine oxidase B gene in human cells. The ubiquitous presence and diversity of LHEs described in this study may facilitate the creation of many tailored nucleases for genome editing.
机译:归巢内切核酸酶通过在潜在宿主DNA内的单个靶位点产生双链断裂来动员其自身的基因。由于它们的高特异性,这些蛋白被用于高级真核生物的“基因组编辑”。然而,归巢核酸内切酶特异性的改变是非常具有挑战性的。在这里,我们描述了超过200种自然发生的LAGLIDADG归巢核酸内切酶(LHEs)的鉴定和系统发育分析。来自系统进化树中一个进化枝的核酸内切酶的生化和结构表征表明,与高度分散的DNA靶位点相比,蛋白质结构具有较强的保守性,并且表明这些蛋白质的很大一部分具有足够的稳定性和活性,可以用作工程支架。利用该信息来创建靶向酶以破坏人类细胞中的内源性单胺氧化酶B基因。本研究中描述的LHE的普遍存在和多样性可能有助于创建许多定制的核酸酶以进行基因组编辑。

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