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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Updated chronology for the Miocene hominoid radiation in Western Eurasia
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Updated chronology for the Miocene hominoid radiation in Western Eurasia

机译：西欧亚大陆中新世类人辐射的更新年表

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摘要

Extant apes (Primates: Hominoidea) are the relics of a group that was much more diverse in the past. They originated in Africa around the Oligocene/Miocene boundary, but by the beginning of the Middle Miocene they expanded their range into Eurasia, where they experienced a far-reaching evolutionary radiation. A Eurasian origin of the great ape and human clade (Hominidae) has been favored by several authors, but the assessment of this hypothesis has been hampered by the lack of accurate datings for many Western Eurasian hominoids. Here we provide an updated chronology that incorporates recently discovered Iberian taxa and further reevaluates the age of many previously known sites on the basis of local biostratigraphic scales and magnetostratigraphic data. Our results show that identifiable Eurasian kenyapithecins (Griphopithecus and Kenyapithecus) are much younger than previously thought (ca. 14 Ma instead of 16 Ma), which casts serious doubts on the attribution of the hominoid tooth from Engelswies (16.3–16.5 Ma) to cf. Griphopithecus. This evidence is further consistent with an alternative scenario, according to which the Eurasian pongines and African hominines might have independently evolved in their respective continents from similar kenyapithecin ancestors, resulting from an early Middle Miocene intercontinental range extension followed by vicariance. This hypothesis, which would imply an independent origin of orthogrady in pongines and hominines, deserves further testing by accurately inferring the phylogenetic position of European dryopithecins, which might be stem pongines rather than stem hominines.
机译：现存的猿类（灵长类动物：Hominoidea）是过去一个群体更为多样的遗迹。它们起源于渐新世/中新世边界附近的非洲，但是到中新世中期，他们的范围扩大到了欧亚大陆，在那里他们经历了深远的进化辐射。大猩猩和人类进化枝（Hominidae）的欧亚起源受到了几位作者的青睐，但由于许多西方欧亚类人猿缺乏准确的年代，这一假设的评估受到了阻碍。在这里，我们提供了更新的年表，其中结合了最近发现的伊比利亚生物分类群，并根据当地生物地层学规模和磁地层学数据进一步重新评估了许多先前已知站点的年龄。我们的结果表明，可辨认的欧亚kenyapithecins（Griphopithecus和Kenyapithecus）比以前认为的要年轻得多（大约14 Ma，而不是16 Ma），这使人们对从恩格斯维斯（16.3-16.5 Ma）到cf的类人​​猿牙齿的归属产生了严重怀疑。 。剑突。这一证据与另一种情况进一​​步吻合，在这种情况下，欧亚的pongines和非洲hominines可能在类似的kenyapithecin祖先中分别在各自的大陆上独立演化，这是由于中新世中期早期洲际范围扩展和随后的变异所致。这个假说暗示着庞氏和人参中的正统性起源是独立的，该假说应该通过准确地推论欧洲干蜂毒素的系统发育位置而进行进一步的检验，欧洲干燥果蛋白可能是茎庞宁而不是人参。

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