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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Historical effects on beta diversity and community assembly in Amazonian trees
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Historical effects on beta diversity and community assembly in Amazonian trees

机译：历史对亚马逊树木中β多样性和群落聚集的影响

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摘要

We present a unique perspective on the role of historical processes in community assembly by synthesizing analyses of species turnover among communities with environmental data and independent, population genetic-derived estimates of among-community dispersal. We sampled floodplain and terra firme communities of the diverse tree genus Inga (Fabaceae) across a 250-km transect in Amazonian Peru and found patterns of distance-decay in compositional similarity in both habitat types. However, conventional analyses of distance-decay masked a zone of increased species turnover present in the middle of the transect. We estimated past seed dispersal among the same communities by examining geographic plastid DNA variation for eight widespread Inga species and uncovered a population genetic break in the majority of species that is geographically coincident with the zone of increased species turnover. Analyses of these and 12 additional Inga species shared between two communities located on opposite sides of the zone showed that the populations experienced divergence 42,000–612,000 y ago. Our results suggest that the observed distance decay is the result not of environmental gradients or dispersal limitation coupled with ecological drift—as conventionally interpreted under neutral ecological theory—but rather of secondary contact between historically separated communities. Thus, even at this small spatial scale, historical processes seem to significantly impact species’ distributions and community assembly. Other documented zones of increased species turnover found in the western Amazon basin or elsewhere may be related to similar historical processes.
机译：我们通过综合环境数据和社区间扩散的独立，基于人口遗传的估计对社区之间物种周转的分析，对历史过程在社区集会中的作用提出了独特的见解。我们在亚马孙秘鲁的250公里横断面上取样了Inga（Fabaceae）多种树属的泛滥平原和地表群落，并发现了两种生境类型在成分相似性上的距离衰减模式。但是，距离衰减的常规分析掩盖了在样带中间存在的物种更新增加的区域。我们通过检查八个广泛的Inga物种的地理质体DNA变异来估计同一社区中过去的种子散布，并发现了大多数物种的种群遗传断裂，这与物种更新的区域在地理上是一致的。对位于该区域相对两侧的两个社区之间共享的这些Inga物种和12种其他Inga物种的分析表明，这些种群在42,000至612,000年前经历了分化。我们的结果表明，观察到的距离衰减不是环境梯度或扩散限制与生态漂移（如在中立生态理论下的传统解释）相结合的结果，而是历史分离社区之间的二次接触的结果。因此，即使在很小的空间范围内，历史过程似乎仍会严重影响物种的分布和群落聚集。在西亚马逊盆地或其他地方发现的其他文献记载的物种更新增加的区域可能与类似的历史过程有关。

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