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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Arabidopsis AHP2 AHP3 and AHP5 histidine phosphotransfer proteins function as redundant negative regulators of drought stress response
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Arabidopsis AHP2 AHP3 and AHP5 histidine phosphotransfer proteins function as redundant negative regulators of drought stress response

机译：拟南芥AHP2AHP3和AHP5组氨酸磷酸转移蛋白可作为干旱胁迫反应的多余负调控因子

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Cytokinin is an essential phytohormone controlling various biological processes, including environmental stress responses. In Arabidopsis, although the cytokinin (CK)-related phosphorelay—consisting of three histidine kinases, five histidine phosphotransfer proteins (AHPs), and a number of response regulators—has been known to be important for stress responses, the AHPs required for CK signaling during drought stress remain elusive. Here, we report that three Arabidopsis AHPs, namely AHP2, AHP3, and AHP5, control responses to drought stress in negative and redundant manner. Loss of function of these three AHP genes resulted in a strong drought-tolerant phenotype that was associated with the stimulation of protective mechanisms. Specifically, cell membrane integrity was improved as well as an increased sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) was observed rather than an alteration in ABA-mediated stomatal closure and density. Consistent with their negative regulatory functions, all three AHP genes’ expression was down-regulated by dehydration, which most likely resulted from a stress-induced reduction of endogenous CK levels. Furthermore, global transcriptional analysis of ahp2,3,5 leaves revealed down-regulation of many well-known stress- and/or ABA-responsive genes, suggesting that these three AHPs may control drought response in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent manners. The discovery of mechanisms of activation and the targets of the downstream components of CK signaling involved in stress responses is an important and challenging goal for the study of plant stress regulatory network responses and plant growth. The knowledge gained from this study also has broad potential for biotechnological applications to increase abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
机译：细胞分裂素是控制各种生物过程（包括环境胁迫反应）的重要植物激素。在拟南芥中，虽然已知与细胞分裂素（CK）相关的磷酸化-由三个组氨酸激酶，五个组氨酸磷酸转移蛋白（AHP）和许多应答调节剂组成-对于应激应答很重要，但CK信号传导所需的AHP在干旱期间，压力仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们报告说，三个拟南芥AHP，即AHP2，AHP3和AHP5，以负向和冗余方式控制对干旱胁迫的响应。这三个AHP基因的功能丧失导致强烈的耐旱表型，这与保护机制的刺激有关。具体而言，改善了细胞膜的完整性，并观察到了对脱落酸（ABA）的敏感性增加，而不是改变了ABA介导的气孔关闭和密度。与它们的负调控功能一致，所有三个AHP基因的表达均因脱水而下调，这很可能是由于压力引起的内源性CK水平降低所致。此外，对ahp2,3,5叶片的全球转录分析显示许多众所周知的胁迫和/或ABA响应基因下调，这表明这三种AHP可能以ABA依赖性和ABA依赖性方式控制干旱响应。 。对于胁迫响应的研究，激活机制和CK信号下游成分的靶标是研究植物胁迫调控网络响应和植物生长的重要且具有挑战性的目标。从这项研究中获得的知识在生物技术应用中还具有广泛的潜力，可以提高植物对非生物胁迫的耐受性。

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