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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Nucleus-specific expression in the multinuclear mushroom-forming fungus Agaricus bisporus reveals different nuclear regulatory programs
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Nucleus-specific expression in the multinuclear mushroom-forming fungus Agaricus bisporus reveals different nuclear regulatory programs

机译：在多核蘑菇形成真菌双孢蘑菇中的特定于核的表达揭示了不同的核调控程序。

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摘要

Many fungi are polykaryotic, containing multiple nuclei per cell. In the case of heterokaryons, there are different nuclear types within a single cell. It is unknown what the different nuclear types contribute in terms of mRNA expression levels in fungal heterokaryons. Each cell of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus contains two to 25 nuclei of two nuclear types originating from two parental strains. Using RNA-sequencing data, we assess the differential mRNA contribution of individual nuclear types and its functional impact. We studied differential expression between genes of the two nuclear types, P1 and P2, throughout mushroom development in various tissue types. P1 and P2 produced specific mRNA profiles that changed through mushroom development. Differential regulation occurred at the gene level, rather than at the locus, chromosomal, or nuclear level. P1 dominated mRNA production throughout development, and P2 showed more differentially up-regulated genes in important functional groups. In the vegetative mycelium, P2 up-regulated almost threefold more metabolism genes and carbohydrate active enzymes (cazymes) than P1, suggesting phenotypic differences in growth. We identified widespread transcriptomic variation between the nuclear types of A. bisporus. Our method enables studying nucleus-specific expression, which likely influences the phenotype of a fungus in a polykaryotic stage. Our findings have a wider impact to better understand gene regulation in fungi in a heterokaryotic state. This work provides insight into the transcriptomic variation introduced by genomic nuclear separation.
机译：许多真菌是多核的，每个细胞包含多个核。对于异核体，单个细胞内有不同的核类型。未知的是，不同的核类型对真菌异核体中的mRNA表达水平有何贡献。蘑菇双孢蘑菇的每个细胞都含有两个到两个核型的两个核型的25至25个核。使用RNA测序数据，我们评估了各个核类型的差异mRNA贡献及其功能影响。我们研究了在各种组织类型中整个蘑菇发育过程中两种核型（P1和P2）的基因之间的差异表达。 P1和P2产生特定的mRNA谱，该谱通过蘑菇发育而改变。差异调节发生在基因水平，而不是基因座，染色体或核水平。在整个发育过程中，P1主导着mRNA的产生，P2在重要的功能组中显示出差异更大的上调基因。在营养菌丝体中，P2上调的代谢基因和碳水化合物活性酶（酶）几乎是P1的三倍，这表明生长的表型差异。我们确定了双孢曲霉核型之间广泛的转录组变异。我们的方法能够研究特定于细胞核的表达，这种表达可能会影响多核生物阶段真菌的表型。我们的发现对更好地了解异核生物状态下真菌的基因调控具有更广泛的影响。这项工作提供了由基因组核分离引入的转录组变异的见解。

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