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Dual-Frequency Piezoelectric Transducers for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging

机译：用于增强超声成像的双频压电传感器

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摘要

For many years, ultrasound has provided clinicians with an affordable and effective imaging tool for applications ranging from cardiology to obstetrics. Development of microbubble contrast agents over the past several decades has enabled ultrasound to distinguish between blood flow and surrounding tissue. Current clinical practices using microbubble contrast agents rely heavily on user training to evaluate degree of localized perfusion. Advances in separating the signals produced from contrast agents versus surrounding tissue backscatter provide unique opportunities for specialized sensors designed to image microbubbles with higher signal to noise and resolution than previously possible. In this review article, we describe the background principles and recent developments of ultrasound transducer technology for receiving signals produced by contrast agents while rejecting signals arising from soft tissue. This approach relies on transmitting at a low-frequency and receiving microbubble harmonic signals at frequencies many times higher than the transmitted frequency. Design and fabrication of dual-frequency transducers and the extension of recent developments in transducer technology for dual-frequency harmonic imaging are discussed.
机译：多年来，超声波为临床医生提供了一种负担得起且有效的成像工具，适用于从心脏病到产科的各种应用。在过去的几十年中，微泡造影剂的发展使超声波能够区分血流和周围组织。当前使用微泡造影剂的临床实践严重依赖于用户培训来评估局部灌注的程度。分离造影剂产生的信号与周围组织反向散射的进展为专门的传感器提供了独特的机会，这些传感器设计用于以比以前更高的信噪比和分辨率成像微气泡。在这篇综述文章中，我们描述了超声换能器技术的背景原理和最新发展，该技术用于接收造影剂产生的信号，同时拒绝由软组织产生的信号。这种方法依赖于低频发射，并以比发射频率高很多倍的频率接收微泡谐波信号。讨论了双频换能器的设计和制造以及双频谐波成像换能器技术的最新发展。

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