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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Sensors (Basel Switzerland) >Energy-Efficient Spatial Query-Centric Geographic Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks
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Energy-Efficient Spatial Query-Centric Geographic Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

机译：无线传感器网络中的高能效空间查询中心地理路由协议

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摘要

In data-centric wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensing data have a high time–space correlation. Most queries are spatial and used to obtain data in a defined region. Geographic routing (GR) protocols are the optimal choice for routing spatial queries. However, several drawbacks still exist in GRs, and these the include premature death of nodes and communication latency, which result in reduced network life and query efficiency. A new clustering GR protocol called quadtree grid (QTGrid) was proposed in this study to save energy and improve spatial query efficiency. First, the monitoring area was logically divided into clusters by a quadtree structure, and each grid’s location was encoded to reduce the memory overhead. Second, cluster head (CH) nodes were selected based on several metrics, such as distance from the candidate node to the grid center and adjacent CHs and residual energy. Third, the next-hop routing node was selected depending on the residual energy of the candidate node and its distance to the sink node. Lastly, a lossless data aggregation algorithm and a flexible spatial query algorithm were adopted to reduce the transmission of redundant data and meet the application requirements, respectively. Simulation results showed that compared with three related protocols, QTGrid has lower energy consumption and higher spatial query efficiency and is more suitable for large-scale WSN spatial query application scenarios.
机译：在以数据为中心的无线传感器网络（WSN）中，传感数据具有很高的时空相关性。大多数查询是空间查询，用于获取定义区域中的数据。地理路由（GR）协议是路由空间查询的最佳选择。但是，GR中仍然存在一些缺点，这些缺点包括节点过早死亡和通信延迟，这会导致网络寿命缩短和查询效率降低。本文提出了一种新的聚类GR协议，称为四叉树网格（QTGrid），以节省能源并提高空间查询效率。首先，通过四叉树结构在逻辑上将监视区域划分为群集，并对每个网格的位置进行编码以减少内存开销。其次，基于多个度量标准选择簇头（CH）节点，例如从候选节点到网格中心的距离以及相邻的CH和剩余能量。第三，根据候选节点的剩余能量及其到宿节点的距离来选择下一跳路由节点。最后，采用无损数据聚合算法和灵活的空间查询算法分别减少冗余数据的传输并满足应用需求。仿真结果表明，与三种相关协议相比，QTGrid具有更低的能耗和更高的空间查询效率，更适合于大规模WSN空间查询应用场景。

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