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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>World Journal of Stem Cells >An overview of the role of cancer stem cells in spine tumors with a special focus on chordoma
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An overview of the role of cancer stem cells in spine tumors with a special focus on chordoma

机译：癌症干细胞在脊柱肿瘤中的作用概述特别关注脊索瘤

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摘要

Primary malignant tumors of the spine are relatively rare, less than 5% of all spinal column tumors. However, these lesions are often among the most difficult to treat and encompass challenging pathologies such as chordoma and a variety of invasive sarcomas. The mechanisms of tumor recurrence after surgical intervention, as well as resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, remain a pervasive and costly problem. Recent evidence has emerged supporting the hypothesis that solid tumors contain a sub-population of cancer cells that possess characteristics normally associated with stem cells. Particularly, the potential for long-term proliferation appears to be restricted to subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) functionally defined by their capacity to self-renew and give rise to differentiated cells that phenotypically recapitulate the original tumor, thereby causing relapse and patient death. These cancer stem cells present a unique opportunity to better understand the biology of solid tumors in general, as well as targets for future therapeutics. The general objective of the current study is to discuss the fundamental concepts for understanding the role of CSCs with respect to chemoresistance, radioresistance, special cell surface markers, cancer recurrence and metastasis in tumors of the osseous spine. This discussion is followed by a specific review of what is known about the role of CSCs in chordoma, the most common primary malignant osseous tumor of the spine.
机译：脊柱原发性恶性肿瘤相对较少，少于所有脊柱肿瘤的5％。但是，这些病变通常是最难治疗的，并且涵盖了诸如脊索瘤和各种浸润性肉瘤等挑战性病理。外科手术后的肿瘤复发机制以及对放射线和化学疗法的抗性仍然是普遍且昂贵的问题。最近出现的证据支持以下假说，即实体瘤包含具有亚细胞特征的癌细胞亚群，这些亚细胞具有通常与干细胞有关的特征。特别是，长期增殖的潜力似乎仅限于癌症干细胞（CSC）的亚群，功能上由它们的自我更新能力定义，并产生分化为表型概括原始肿瘤的分化细胞，从而导致复发和患者死亡。这些癌症干细胞为更好地了解实体瘤的生物学以及未来治疗的靶标提供了独特的机会。本研究的总体目的是讨论基本概念，以了解CSC在化学性，放射抗性，特殊细胞表面标志物，癌复发和骨肿瘤转移中的作用。在讨论之后，将对CSC在脊索瘤（脊柱中最常见的原发性恶性骨肿瘤）中所起的作用进行详细的回顾。

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