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Asteroids ophiuroids and holothurians from the southeastern Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean)

机译：来自东南韦德海（南洋）的小行星蛇类和全人类

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Until the early 1980s, the composition and distribution of the asteroid (starfish), ophiuroid (brittle star) and holothurian (sea cucumber) bottom fauna of the southeastern Weddell Sea was virtually unknown. This southernmost part of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean is a typical high-latitude Antarctic region located in the circumpolar permanent pack-ice zone. It became accessible for large-scale scientific surveys only through the availability of modern ice-breaking research vessels, such as the German RV “Polarstern”. Here, we describe a dataset of the faunal composition and abundance of starfish, brittle star and sea cucumber assemblages in this area, based on collections from trawl catches carried out during three “Polarstern” cruises in 1983, 1984 and 1985. The set comprises a total of 4,509 records of abundances of 35 asteroid species (with a total of 2,089 specimens) and 38 ophiuroid species (with a total of 18,484 specimens) from 34 stations, as well as of 66 holothurian species (with a total of 20,918 specimens) from 59 stations including zero-abundances (absences). A synthesizing zoogeographical community analysis confirms the presence of three distinct assemblages of asteroids, ophiuroids, and holothurians with highest species richness on the eastern shelf. Overall, starfishes, brittle stars and sea cucumbers were present at all sites investigated in the study area but composition and abundance of asterozoan (asteroids and ophiuroids together) and holothurian fauna varied considerably. A synthesizing zoogeographical community analysis confirms the presence of three distinct assemblages of asteroids, ophiuroids, and holothurians with highest species richness on the eastern shelf. In the case of asterozoans, water depth and latitude seemed to be the most important drivers of assemblage distribution and composition. One of the holothurian assemblages was part of the rich macrozoobenthic community dominated by a diverse and abundant epifauna, mainly sponges and gorgonians. Another one was mainly composed of vagrant deposit-feeding species inhabiting a predominantly non-colonised substratum. In addition, a mixed holothurian assemblage was identified.
机译：直到1980年代初，东南韦德海的小行星（海星），蛇形（脆性星）和全日海（海参）底部动物的组成和分布实际上是未知的。南大洋大西洋最南端的部分是典型的高纬度南极地区，位于极地永久性pack冰区。只有通过现代破冰研究船，例如德国RV“ Polarstern”等破冰船，才能进行大规模的科学调查。在此，我们根据1983年，1984年和1985年“ Polarstern”巡游三次进行的拖网捕捞收集物，描述了该地区海星，脆性星和海参组合的动物组成和丰富度的数据集。来自34个站点的35种小行星物种（总共2,089个标本）和38种蛇类物种（总共18,484个标本）的总计4,509条记录，以及来自该地区的66种卤水鱼类（共20,918个标本）的丰度记录59个电台，包括零丰度（缺席）。综合的动物地理群落分析确认了东部架子上物种丰富度最高的小行星，蛇形类和全人类三种不同的组合的存在。总体而言，在研究区域内所有调查的地点均存在海星，脆性恒星和海参，但星状动物（小行星和类飞虫在一起）和整形动物的组成和丰度差异很大。综合的动物地理群落分析确认了东部架子上物种丰富度最高的小行星，蛇形类和全人类三种不同的组合的存在。对于星际动物，水深和纬度似乎是集合分布和组成的最重要驱动因素。其中一种是全人类组合，是丰富的大型动物群的一部分，该群落主要由多种多样的表生动物组成，主要是海绵和高足动物。另一类主要由居于主要非殖民化基质中的无用的沉积物喂养物种组成。此外，还确定了混合的整体式哈罗法式组合。

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