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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Cytotechnology >Genotoxicity of drinking water disinfection by-products (bromoform and chloroform) by using both Allium anaphase-telophase and comet tests
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Genotoxicity of drinking water disinfection by-products (bromoform and chloroform) by using both Allium anaphase-telophase and comet tests

机译：同时使用葱属末期和彗尾试验对饮用水消毒副产物（溴仿和氯仿）的遗传毒性

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摘要

Genotoxic effects of bromoform and chloroform, disinfection by-products of the chlorination of drinking water, were examined by using mitotic index (MI), mitotic phase, chromosome aberrations (CAs) and comet assay on root meristematic cells of Allium cepa. Different concentrations of bromoform (25, 50, 75 and 100 μg/mL) and chloroform (25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) were introduced to onion tuber roots. Distilled water was used as a negative control and methyl methansulfonate (MMS-10 μg/mL) as positive control. All obtained data were subjected to statistical analyses by using SPSS 15.0 for Windows software. For comparison purposes, Duncan multiple range tests by using one-way analysis of variance were employed and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant value. Exposure of both chemicals (except 25 μg/mL applications of bromoform) significantly decreased MI. Bromoform and chloroform (except 25 μg/mL applications) increased total CAs in Allium anaphase-telophase test. A significant increase in DNA damage was also observed at all concentrations of both bromoform and chloroform examined by comet assay. The damages were higher than that of positive control especially at 75–100 μg/mL for bromoform and 100–200 μg/mL for chloroform.
机译：通过使用有丝分裂指数（MI），有丝分裂期，染色体畸变（CAs）和彗星试验对洋葱的根分生组织检查了溴仿和氯仿的遗传毒性作用，以及饮用水加氯消毒的副产物。将不同浓度的溴仿（25、50、75和100μg/ mL）和氯仿（25、50、100和200μg/ mL）引入洋葱块茎根中。蒸馏水用作阴性对照，甲磺酸甲酯（MMS-10μg/ mL）作为阳性对照。使用Windows软件SPSS 15.0对所有获得的数据进行统计分析。为了进行比较，采用单因素方差分析进行Duncan多范围检验，将p <0.05作为显着值。暴露于两种化学物质（除25μg/ mL溴仿外）均显着降低MI。溴仿和氯仿（25μg/ mL的应用除外）增加了葱属后期-末期试验中的总CA.通过彗星试验检测，在溴仿和氯仿的所有浓度下，DNA损伤也显着增加。特别是在溴仿中为75–100μg/ mL，在氯仿中为100–200μg/ mL，其损害要高于阳性对照。

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