Three Scientific Controversies to Engage Students in Reading Primary Literature

机译：吸引学生阅读小学文学作品的三项科学争议

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摘要

In this review, three sets of papers are presented. Each of the sets presents a historical or active controversy in neuroscience ranging from cell biology and cell signaling, to developmental neuroscience, to cognitive neuroscience. The first set captures a historical controversy about whether the beta/gamma subunit of G-proteins can be active in opening ion channels. The second set represents a modern instantiation of the oldest debate in neuroscience: are our minds and brains the product of innate factors or environmental influences. This debate plays out in a series of papers on the development of the visual system. The third set contrasts the view that the hippocampus and surrounding structures primarily function to represent our location in space (a position for which the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three investigators) with the perspective that the hippocampus is a general-purpose structure for declarative memories, spatial or non-spatial. The first and third controversies feature publications of virtually identical experiments that show opposing results. All three controversies are discussed in regards to the individual scientists who did the experiments and debated directly with each other. The first (beta/gamma subunits) emphasizes the value of reproducibility in scientific research, the second (visual cortex development) emphasizes the value of new techniques and updating scientific models, and the third (hippocampus) exposes students to an ongoing, albeit under discussed, debate.

机译：在这篇评论中，提出了三套论文。每组都提出了神经科学方面的历史或活跃争议，涉及范围从细胞生物学和细胞信号传导到发育神经科学到认知神经科学。第一组记录了有关G蛋白的β/γ亚基是否可以在开放离子通道中起作用的历史争议。第二组代表了神经科学中最古老的争论的现代实例：我们的思想和大脑是先天因素或环境影响的产物。这场辩论在有关视觉系统发展的一系列论文中展开。第三组与海马及其周围结构主要起着代表我们在太空中的位置（2014年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予三位研究者的位置）的观点相反，海马是通用的观点。声明性记忆的结构，空间的或非空间的。第一场和第三场争论的特征是发表了几乎完全相同的实验，这些实验显示出相反的结果。所有这三个争议均针对进行实验并直接进行辩论的单个科学家进行了讨论。第一个（beta / gamma亚基）强调科学研究中可再现性的价值，第二个（视觉皮层发育）强调新技术和更新科学模型的价值，第三个（海马体）使学生接触正在进行的，尽管正在讨论中，辩论。

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期刊名称 Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education
作者
DJ Brasier;
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作者单位

展开▼
年(卷),期 2017(16),1
年度 2017
页码 R13–R19
总页数 7
原文格式 PDF
正文语种
中图分类神经科学;
关键词
pedagogy controversy science process interpretation of data debate GPCR nature nurture synapses place cells;

机译：教育学;争议;科学过程;数据解释;辩论;GPCR;自然;养育;突触;位置细胞;

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机译：医学神话破灭使生理学学生参与科学文献研究
2. Medical myth busting to engage physiology students in scientific literature [J] . Sarah McLean Advances in physiology education . 2016,第4期

机译：医学神话破灭使生理学学生参与科学文献研究
3. Using HeLa Cell Stress Response to Introduce First Year Students to the Scientific Method, Laboratory Techniques, Primary Literature, and Scientific Writing [J] . Resendes Karen K. Biochemistry and molecular biology education . 2015,第2期

机译：利用HeLa细胞应激反应将一年级学生介绍给科学方法，实验室技术，主要文献和科学写作
4. (1516.pdf) ENCOURAGING STUDENTS TO TAKE A STAND: USING PRIMARY LITERATURE TO SUPPORT SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTS [C] . Foong May Yeong International Technology, Education and Development Conference . 2013

机译：（1516.PDF）鼓励学生采取立场：使用主要文献来支持科学争论
5. THE EVOLUTION CONTROVERSY IN THE EDUCATIONAL LITERATURE FROM 1900-1981 DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF KUHN'S "STRUCTURE OF SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTIONS". [D] . GARDNER, KENNETH LEE. 1984

机译：从库恩的《科学革命的结构》一文中讨论了1900-1981年教育文学的演变论争。
6. Meningitis in College Students: Using a Case Study to Expose Introductory Neuroscience Students to Primary Scientific Literature and Applications of Neuroscience [O] . Leslie Rollins 2020

机译：大学生脑膜炎：用案例研究揭示介绍神经科学生初级科学文学与神经科学的应用
7. 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Gustav and KnightS. (eds), British Industrial Fictions , University of Wales Press, 2000, pp. viii + 212, £14.99 pb.; BalchJack S., Lamps at High Noon , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xl + 404, $19.45 pb.; ConroyJack, A World to Win , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xxxv + 348, $17.95 pb.GagnierRegenia, The Insatiability of Human Wants: Economics and Aesthetics in Market Society , University of Chicago Press, 2000, pp. 352, £10.50 pb. [O] . Paul Hyland, R. C. Richardson, Ivan Roots, 2001

机译：点评：历史的研究：一个书目指南，历史的英语理念从柯勒律治到科林伍德，英国当地历史，亚瑟和他的英语变脸：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，在英国文艺复兴时期颁布性别舞台上，莎士比亚的女性结局，写英文共和国：诗歌，修辞学和政治学1627年至1660年，对旧的新故事：在小说中，天主教和反天主教在早期现代英语文本，长子继承权和继承权在英国圣经模式：综述文学中的历史和代表，通过对小说恢复的英语内战：一个注释的参考书目，戴安娜，自我利益和英国国家身份，古人与现代人之间的古典罗马的痕迹和古典罗马：巴洛克文化在恢复英格兰，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：1780-1830，厌恶经济学的作家和饮料：十八世纪的文学业务ritain，伪造的房子在十八世纪的英国，穿着我们的衣服，牛津伴侣的浪漫时代：英国文化，1776 - 1832，国内空间：阅读十九世纪的内部，维多利亚人理论上：从德里达到布朗，美德的年龄：英国文化从恢复到浪漫主义，悲惨的痛苦：维多利亚州的残疾和感情，妇女作家第一次世界大战：一个注释的书目，文学中的酒吧，英国工业小说，人类的缘故想要：市场苏格里希第德森市场的经济和美学。 C.，历史的研究：一个书目指南，第二版，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，第十四+ 140，£40.00.ParkerChristopher，历史的英语从理念到柯勒律治科林伍德，Ashgate出版社，2000，页。 VII + 244，£45.Richardsonr。 C.（ed。），英语当地历史的变化面孔，ashgate，2000，pp。viii + 218，£45.00.00.00.Parronw。 RJ（编辑），亚瑟和他的英文：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，威尔士出版社，1999年大学，第398，£35.00.ComensoliViviana和RussellAnne（EDS），英国文艺复兴舞台上颁布性别，伊利诺伊大学出版社，1999，第270页，18.95英镑; SaunderseVe Rachel，在早期现代英格兰舞台上的雷切尔，性别和识字，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。260，£35.BerringPhilippa，莎士比亚的女性化的遗址，Routledge，1999，PP。197，£15.99 PB。 Bellilona，伊丽莎白裔女性和甲师诗歌，剑桥大学出版社，1998，PP。262，£35.00.norbrookdavid，写英国共和国：诗歌，修辞和政治1627-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XIII + 509 ，£40.FischHarold，对于旧的新故事：在小说，Macmillan出版社，1998年，第圣经模式X + 236，£42.50; Fischharold，Shakespeare，Milton和Blake的圣经存在，1999年，PP。Xi + 330，£45.marottiarthur F.（Ed。），天主教和早期现代英语文本，Macmillan，1999，PP的天主教和反天主教。XVII + 266，£47.50; Shellalison，天主教，争议和英国文学想象，1558-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XI + 309，£37.50.Jamoussizouheir，Punigoghts和Envland在英国：他们在文学中的历史和代表调查，中心出版大学，突尼斯，1999，PP。293,8 DT.Murphorn Xane C.，英语内战通过虚构的恢复：一个注释书目，格林伍德出版社，韦斯特波特，CT，CT。，2000，PP。VIII + 349，£63.95 .HammondPaul，德莱顿和古典罗马，克拉伦登出版社，牛津，1999年的痕迹，第305，£45.00.LevineJoseph M.，古人和现代人之间：巴洛克文化恢复英格兰，耶鲁大学出版社，1999，页。 XIV + 279，£27.50.50.50.5.50.Tayloranya，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：作家和饮料，1780-1830，Macmillan，1999，PP。Xi + 264，£47.50.Mandelllaura，罕有内容：十八世纪英国的文学业务，肯塔基州大学，1999，PP。X + 228，$ 42.00.Bainespaul，在十八世纪的英国伪造之家，阿什捷，1999年，PP。第八次+ 195，£47.50.50.50.50.Munnsjessica和Richardspenny（EDS），穿着我们，纽瓦克，特拉华大学出版社，1999，PP。362，£ 37.McCalmanIain（编辑），牛津伴侣对浪漫的年龄：英国文化，1776年至1832年，牛津大学出版社，1999，页。 XII + 780，£85.Brydeninga和Floydjanet（EDS），国内空间：阅读十九世纪内部，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999，PP。XII + 219，£40.00; KiddAlan和NichollsDavid（EDS），性别，公民文化和消费：在英国，1800年至1940年中产阶层的身份，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，第十四+ 223，£46.00，PB。 14.99英镑的理论上，从Derrida到Browning，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，PP。X + 180，£40.Moreedavid，富于浪漫主义，2000，2000，PP。八+ 330，£45.Klesmary，悲惨的痛苦：宾夕法尼亚大学的维多利亚州美国的残疾和感情，1999年，第211次，第一次第一次世界大战的妇女作家：一名注册参考书目，rutledge，2000，pp。230，75英镑; TyleeClaire与Turnerelaine和Cardinalagnes（EDS），战争扮演妇女：国际选集，Routledge，2000，PP。225，£16.99 PB.Taylorjohn A.，戴安娜，自身利益和英国国家身份，Praeger，2000，PP 。169，£44.95.EARNShawsteven，文学中的酒吧，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，PP。X + 294，£45和15.99英镑PB.Klaush。古斯塔夫和骑士。（EDS），英国工业小说，威尔士大学出版社，2000，PP。VIII + 212，£14.99 PB。 Balchjack S.，伊利诺伊大学高中中午的灯，2000年，PP。XL + 404，$ 19.45 PB。康罗伊士队，伊利诺伊大学的世界胜利，2000年，PP。XXXV + 348，17.95磅PB.Gagnierregenia，人类想要的缘故：市场学会的经济学和美学，芝加哥大学出版社，2000，PP。352，£ 10.50 PB。
8. Teaching Children to Read: An Evidence-Based Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on Reading and Its Implications for Reading Instruction. Reports of the Subgroups [R] . 2008

机译：教学儿童阅读：科学研究文献阅读的循证评价及其对阅读教学的启示。小组的报告

Three Scientific Controversies to Engage Students in Reading Primary Literature

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