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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Is sperm really so cheap? Costs of reproduction in male adders Vipera berus
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Is sperm really so cheap? Costs of reproduction in male adders Vipera berus

机译：精子真的那么便宜吗？男性加法器Vi蛇的繁殖成本

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摘要

Reproduction is energetically expensive for males as well as for females, but evolutionary biologists have typically regarded the energy costs of sperm production as trivial compared to the energy costs of overt reproductive behaviours, such as mate-searching, courtship, copulation and male–male combat. Adders (Vipera berus) offer an ideal model system in which to quantify the relative costs of spermatogenesis (and associated physiological preparations for reproductive activity) versus the costs of overt reproductive behaviours, because (i) these two activities occur sequentially rather than simultaneously, and are separated by a clear indicator (sloughing of the skin); and (ii) males do not feed during either of these phases. Hence, the rate of mass loss by males can be used as an index of energy costs. Surprisingly, the rate of mass loss is at least as high during the phase when males are immobile, building up sperm supplies, as when they move about and engage in reproductive behaviour. Rates of mass loss are not significantly correlated with male size or measures of the male's participation in reproductive activities. Our data suggest that sperm production may be a major energy cost to reproducing male adders, and that this species offers a useful system in which to further investigate this possibility.
机译：生殖对男性和女性的能量消耗都很高，但进化生物学家通常认为精子生产的能量成本与诸如伴侣搜索，求偶，交配和男女交战等明显生殖行为的能量成本相比微不足道。 。加法器（Vipera berus）提供了一个理想的模型系统，可在其中量化精子发生的相对成本（以及相关的生殖活动生理准备）与明显的生殖行为的成本，因为（i）这两种活动是顺序发生的，而不是同时发生的；以及被清晰的指示器分开（皮肤脱落）； （ii）在这两个阶段中的任何一个阶段，雄性都不进食。因此，男性的质量流失率可以用作能源成本的指标。出人意料的是，在雄性不活动，积累精子供应的阶段，质量损失的速率至少与雄性移动并从事生殖行为的阶段一样高。质量损失率与雄性大小或雄性参与生殖活动的度量没有显着相关。我们的数据表明，精子的生产可能是繁殖雄性加法器的主要能源成本，并且该物种提供了有用的系统，可以在其中进一步研究这种可能性。

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