The environmental and health impacts of tobacco agriculture cigarette manufacture and consumption

机译：烟草农业卷烟生产和消费对环境和健康的影响

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The health consequences of tobacco use are well known, but less recognized are the significant environmental impacts of tobacco production and use. The environmental impacts of tobacco include tobacco growing and curing; product manufacturing and distribution; product consumption; and post-consumption waste. The World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control addresses environmental concerns in Articles 17 and 18, which primarily apply to tobacco agriculture. Article 5.3 calls for protection from policy interference by the tobacco industry regarding the environmental harms of tobacco production and use. We detail the environmental impacts of the tobacco life-cycle and suggest policy responses.

机译：吸烟对健康的影响是众所周知的，但是人们很少意识到烟草生产和使用对环境的重大影响。烟草对环境的影响包括烟草的生长和治愈；产品制造和分销；产品消费；和消耗后的废物。世界卫生组织的《烟草控制框架公约》第17条和第18条解决了环境问题，这些问题主要适用于烟草农业。第5.3条要求保护烟草业免受有关烟草生产和使用的环境危害的政策干预。我们详细介绍了烟草生命周期对环境的影响，并提出政策对策。

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期刊名称 Bulletin of the World Health Organization
作者
Thomas E Novotny; Stella Aguinaga Bialous; Lindsay Burt; Clifton Curtis; Vera Luiza da Costa; Silvae Usman Iqtidar; Yuchen Liu; Sameer Pujari; Edouard Tursan dEspaignet;
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年(卷),期 2015(93),12
年度 2015
页码 877–880
总页数 4
原文格式 PDF
正文语种
中图分类公共卫生工程;
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专利

1. The environmental and health impacts of tobacco agriculture, cigarette manufacture and consumption [J] . Thomas E Novotny, Stella Aguinaga Bialous, Lindsay Burt, Bulletin of the World Health Organization . 2015,第12期

机译：烟草农业，卷烟生产和消费对环境和健康的影响
2. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine in DNA from leukocytes of healthy adults: relationship with cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, alcohol and coffee consumption. [J] . van Zeeland-AA, de Groot-AJ, Hall J, Mutation Research: International Journal on Mutagenesis, Chromosome Breakage and Related Subjects . 1999,第2期

机译：健康成年人白细胞DNA中的8-羟基脱氧鸟苷：与吸烟，环境烟草烟雾，酒精和咖啡的摄入量有关。
3. Manufactured and hand-rolled cigarettes and smokeless tobacco consumption in Mozambique: Regional differences at early stages of the tobacco epidemic [J] . AraújoC., Silva-MatosC., DamascenoA., Drug and alcohol dependence . 2011,第3期

机译：莫桑比克的人工卷烟和无烟烟草消费：烟草流行早期的地区差异
4. Indoor environmental tobacco smoke impact on respiratory system health among pre-school children [C] . Chunshan ZHAO, Jihong WANG, Chunguo LI International Conference on Renewable Energy and Environmental Technology . 2014

机译：室内环境烟草烟雾对学龄前儿童呼吸系统健康的影响
5. Relating land use and select environmental impacts to U.S. consumption with a focus on agricultural products. [D] . Costello, Christine. 2010

机译：关联土地使用并选择对美国消费的环境影响，重点是农产品。
6. Trust Management in Organic Agriculture: Sustainable Consumption Behavior Environmentally Conscious Purchase Intention and Healthy Food Choices [O] . George Lazaroiu, Mihai Andronie, Cristian Uţă, 2019

机译：有机农业中的信任管理：可持续的消费行为对环境有意识的购买意愿以及健康的食物选择
7. Commission report on the structure and rates of excise duty laid down by Council Directive 92/79/EEC of 19 October 1992 on the approximation of taxes on cigarettes and by Council Directive 92/80/EEC of 19 October 1992 on the approximation of taxes on manufactured tobacco other than cigarettes. Proposal for a Council Directive amending Directive 92/79/EEC on the approximation of taxes on manufactured tobacco other than cigarettes and Directive 94/59/EC on taxes other than turnover taxes which affect the consumption of manufactured tobacco. COM (98) 320 final, 15 May 1998 [O] . 1998

机译：委员会关于1992年10月19日理事会指令92/79 / EEC关于卷烟税近似规定的消费税结构和税率的委员会报告以及1992年10月19日关于税收近似的理事会指令92/80 / EEC除香烟外的人造烟草。关于修改第92/79 / EEC号指令的理事会指令的建议，关于对卷烟以外的人造烟草征税的近似，以及关于影响制造烟草消费的营业税以外的税收的第94/59 / EC号指令。 COm（98）320 final，1998年5月15日

The environmental and health impacts of tobacco agriculture cigarette manufacture and consumption

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