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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Biochemical Journal >Rates of entry and oxidation of acetate glucose d(−)-β-hydroxybutyrate palmitate oleate and stearate and rates of production and oxidation of propionate and butyrate in fed and starved sheep
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Rates of entry and oxidation of acetate glucose d(−)-β-hydroxybutyrate palmitate oleate and stearate and rates of production and oxidation of propionate and butyrate in fed and starved sheep

机译：进食和饥饿的绵羊中乙酸盐葡萄糖d（-）-β-羟基丁酸酯棕榈酸酯油酸酯和硬脂酸酯的进入和氧化速率以及丙酸酯和丁酸酯的产生和氧化速率

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摘要

1. Rates of entry and oxidation of a range of metabolites have been measured in tracheostomized sheep (diet, 800g. of lucerne chaff and 100g. of maize/day) by combining isotope-dilution techniques with the continuous measurement of total respiratory gas exchange, and 14CO2 production during the intravenous or intraruminal infusion of 14C-labelled substrates. 2. Mean entry rates in fed and starved (24hr.) sheep respectively, expressed as mg./min./kg. body wt.0·75, were: glucose, 5·0 (range 4·8–5·1, 2 observations) and 3·8 (3·2–4·2, 4); acetate, 10·8 (9·1–13·5, 4) and 5·8 (1); d(−)-β-hydroxybutyrate, 1·4 (1) and 1·5 (0·8–2·4, 4); palmitate, oleate and stearate (starved sheep only) 1·0 (0·6–1·9, 7), 0·9 (0·2–1·6, 10) and 0·9 (0·5–1·1, 11) respectively. 3. Production rates of propionate and butyrate in continuously feeding sheep were 6·4 (4·7–8·3, 4) and 4·3 (3·4–6·1, 4) mg./min./kg.0·75 respectively, and in starved (24hr.) sheep were 2·5 (2·2–2·9, 2) and 1·0 (0·8–1·2, 2) mg./min./kg.0·75 respectively. 4. Calculated terminal values for the specific radioactivity of respiratory 14CO2 during measurements of entry rates and production rates were used to calculate the contributions of individual substrates to overall oxidative metabolism. Mean values for fed and starved sheep respectively were: glucose, 9·1 (8·6–9·6, 2) and 11·2 (5·9–15·1, 4)%; acetate, 31·6 (26·8–38·1, 4) and 22·1 (1)%; d(−)-β-hydroxybutyrate, 10·4 (1) and 4·8 (1·9–7·7, 4)%; propionate, 23·0 (13·8–29·9, 4) and 7·1 (6·8–7·4, 2)%; butyrate, 16·5 (13·7–20·5, 4) and 5·3 (5·2–5·3, 2)%; palmitate, oleate and stearate (starved sheep only), 4·7 (2·0–7·7, 7), 4·0 (1·2–6·6, 10) and 4·4 (3·8–5·8, 9)% respectively. The sum of these values for individual substrates in fed and starved sheep, excluding that of β-hydroxybutyrate and after correction of the glucose value for the known interrelations of this substrate with propionate, accounted for 76% and 58% respectively of total production of carbon dioxide. 5. Calculations based on the proportion of substrate entry directly oxidized indicated that the substrates studied accounted for 63% (fed sheep) and 43% (starved sheep) of total energy expenditure measured by oxygen uptake. The contribution of β-hydroxybutyrate was excluded, and corrections were made for glucose–propionate interrelations, and for the different rates of oxidation of the methyl and carboxyl fragments of acetate. 6. The present results have been combined with those obtained earlier in this Laboratory to examine the relationships between rates of substrate entry and oxidation, and concentrations of substrate in blood. Rates of entry of acetate, glucose, d(−)-β-hydroxybutyrate, palmitate and oleate (but not stearate) were well correlated with concentration in blood, and substrate contribution to production of carbon dioxide showed a similar correlation to blood concentration, except with glucose. 7. It was concluded that the general technique is of potential value in providing valid quantitative parameters of animal metabolism.
机译：1.通过结合同位素稀释技术和连续测量总呼吸气体交换的方法，对气管切开的绵羊（饮食中800克的卢塞夫谷壳和100克玉米/天）中各种代谢物的进入和氧化速率进行了测量，静脉内或瘤胃内注入 14 C标记的底物期间产生 14 CO2。 2.分别在饲喂和饥饿（24小时）绵羊中的平均进入率，以mg./min./kg表示。体重 0·75 分别是：葡萄糖，5·0（范围4·8-5·1、2个观察值）和3·8（3·2-4–2、4）；醋酸盐10·8（9·1-13·5，4）和5·8（1）; d（-）-β-羟基丁酸酯，1·4（1）和1·5（0·8-2·4，4）;棕榈酸酯，油酸酯和硬脂酸酯（仅饥饿的绵羊）1·0（0·6-1·9、7），0·9（0·2-1·6、10）和0·9（0·5-1–1· 1、11）。 3.连续饲喂绵羊的丙酸酯和丁酸酯的生产率分别为6·4（4·7-8·3、4）和4·3（3·4-6·1、4）mg./min./kg。 0·75 分别是，饥饿的（24hr。）绵羊是2·5（2·2–2·9，2）和1·0（0·8-1·2，2） mg./min./kg。 0·75 。 4.在进入率和生产率的测量过程中，计算呼吸 14 CO2的比放射性的最终值，用于计算各个底物对整体氧化代谢的贡献。饲喂和饥饿的绵羊的平均值分别为：葡萄糖，9·1（8·6–9·6，2）和11·2（5·9–15·1、4）％;醋酸盐31·6（26·8-38·1、4）和22·1（1）％; d（-）-β-羟基丁酸酯，10·4（1）和4·8（1·9-7·7，4）％；丙酸，23·0（13·8–29·9，4）和7·1（6·8-7·4，2）％;丁酸酯，16·5（13·7-20·5，4）和5·3（5·2–5·3，2）％；棕榈酸酯，油酸酯和硬脂酸酯（仅饥饿的绵羊），4·7（2·0-7·7、7），4·0（1·2-6·6、10）和4·4（3·8-5 ·8，9）％。饲喂和挨饿的绵羊中单个底物的这些值的总和（不包括β-羟基丁酸酯的值）以及在校正了该底物与丙酸酯的已知相互关系的葡萄糖值之后，分别占碳总产量的76％和58％二氧化碳。 5.根据直接氧化的底物进入的比例进行的计算表明，所研究的底物分别占通过摄氧量测得的总能量消耗的63％（饲喂绵羊）和43％（饥饿的绵羊）。排除了β-羟基丁酸酯的贡献，并对葡萄糖-丙酸酯的相互关系以及乙酸甲酯的甲基和羧基片段的不同氧化速率进行了校正。 6.本结果已与本实验室较早时获得的结果相结合，以检查底物进入和氧化的速率与血液中底物浓度之间的关系。乙酸盐，葡萄糖，d（-）-β-羟基丁酸酯，棕榈酸酯和油酸酯（但不是硬脂酸酯）的进入速率与血液中的浓度密切相关，底物对二氧化碳产生的贡献与血液中的浓度具有相似的相关性，除了与葡萄糖。 7.结论是，一般技术在提供有效的动物代谢定量参数方面具有潜在价值。

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