首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Did shifting seawater sulfate concentrations drive the evolution of deep-sea methane-seep ecosystems?
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Did shifting seawater sulfate concentrations drive the evolution of deep-sea methane-seep ecosystems?

机译:海水中硫酸盐浓度的变化是否推动了深海甲烷深层生态系统的发展?

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摘要

The origin and evolution of the faunas inhabiting deep-sea hydrothermal vents and methane seeps have been debated for decades. These faunas rely on a local source of sulfide and other reduced chemicals for nutrition, which spawned the hypothesis that their evolutionary history is independent from that of photosynthesis-based food chains and instead driven by extinction events caused by deep-sea anoxia. Here I use the fossil record of seep molluscs to show that trends in body size, relative abundance and epifaunal/infaunal ratios track current estimates of seawater sulfate concentrations through the last 150 Myr. Furthermore, the two main faunal turnovers during this time interval coincide with major changes in seawater sulfate concentrations. Because sulfide at seeps originates mostly from seawater sulfate, variations in sulfate concentrations should directly affect the base of the food chain of this ecosystem and are thus the likely driver of the observed macroecologic and evolutionary patterns. The results imply that the methane-seep fauna evolved largely independently from developments and mass extinctions affecting the photosynthesis-based biosphere and add to the growing body of evidence that the chemical evolution of the oceans had a major impact on the evolution of marine life.
机译:居住在深海热液喷口和甲烷渗漏中的动物群的起源和演变已有数十年的历史了。这些动物群依靠本地的硫化物和其他还原性化学物质来获得营养,这产生了这样的假说,即它们的进化历史与基于光合作用的食物链的进化历史无关,而是由深海缺氧引起的灭绝事件驱动的。在这里,我使用渗水软体动物的化石记录显示,身体大小,相对丰度和表生真菌/不生真菌之比的趋势跟踪了目前对最近150 Myr海水中硫酸盐浓度的估计。此外,在此时间间隔内两个主要的动物区系更新与海水中硫酸盐浓度的主要变化相吻合。由于渗漏处的硫化物主要来自海水中的硫酸盐,因此硫酸盐浓度的变化应直接影响该生态系统食物链的基础,因此可能是观察到的宏观生态学和进化模式的驱动因素。结果表明,甲烷深层动物区系在很大程度上独立于影响光合作用生物圈的发展和物种灭绝而发展,并增加了越来越多的证据表明,海洋的化学演化对海洋生物的演化具有重大影响。

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