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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Effects of bottom trawling on fish foraging and feeding
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Effects of bottom trawling on fish foraging and feeding

机译：底拖网对鱼类觅食和摄食的影响

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The effects of bottom trawling on benthic invertebrates include reductions of biomass, diversity and body size. These changes may negatively affect prey availability for demersal fishes, potentially leading to reduced food intake, body condition and yield of fishes in chronically trawled areas. Here, the effect of trawling on the prey availability and diet of two commercially important flatfish species, plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) and dab (Limanda limanda), was investigated over a trawling intensity gradient in the Irish Sea. Previous work in this area has shown that trawling negatively affects the condition of plaice but not of dab. This study showed that reductions in local prey availability did not result in reduced feeding of fish. As trawling frequency increased, both fish and prey biomass declined, such that the ratio of fish to prey remained unchanged. Consequently, even at frequently trawled sites with low prey biomass, both plaice and dab maintained constant levels of stomach fullness and gut energy contents. However, dietary shifts in plaice towards energy-poor prey items were evident when prey species were analysed individually. This, together with a potential decrease in foraging efficiency due to low prey densities, was seen as the most plausible cause for the reduced body condition observed. Understanding the relationship between trawling, benthic impacts, fish foraging and resultant body condition is an important step in designing successful mitigation measures for future management strategies in bottom trawl fisheries.
机译：底拖网对底栖无脊椎动物的影响包括生物量，多样性和体型的减少。这些变化可能会对深海鱼类的猎物可利用性产生负面影响，并可能导致长期被拖网地区的食物摄入，身体状况和鱼类产量下降。在此，在爱尔兰海中通过拖网强度梯度调查了拖网对两种商业上重要的比目鱼fish（Pleuronectes platesa）和dab（Limanda limanda）的猎物可用性和饮食的影响。该领域以前的工作表明，拖网会对的状况产生负面影响，但对da的状况没有影响。这项研究表明，当地猎物供应的减少不会导致鱼类摄食减少。随着拖网频率的增加，鱼类和猎物的生物量均下降，因此鱼类与猎物的比率保持不变。因此，即使在经常捕捞的猎物生物量较低的地点，和民建联仍保持恒定水平的饱腹感和肠道能量含量。但是，当单独分析猎物种类时，的饮食向低能猎物的转变很明显。这与由于猎物密度低而导致的觅食效率下降，被认为是观察到的身体状况降低的最可能原因。了解拖网，底栖影响，鱼类觅食和所导致的身体状况之间的关系，是为拖网底渔场的未来管理策略设计成功的缓解措施的重要一步。

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