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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences >Substitution of Wheat for Corn in Beef Cattle Diets: Digestibility Digestive Enzyme Activities Serum Metabolite Contents and Ruminal Fermentation
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Substitution of Wheat for Corn in Beef Cattle Diets: Digestibility Digestive Enzyme Activities Serum Metabolite Contents and Ruminal Fermentation

机译：用小麦代替牛肉中的玉米：消化率消化酶活性血清代谢物含量和瘤胃发酵

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摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets containing different amounts of wheat, as a partial or whole substitute for corn, on digestibility, digestive enzyme activities, serum metabolite contents and ruminal fermentation in beef cattle. Four Limousin×LuXi crossbred cattle with a body weight (400±10 kg), fitted with permanent ruminal, proximal duodenal and terminal ileal cannulas, were used in a 4×4 Latin square design with four treatments: Control (100% corn), 33% wheat (33% substitution for corn), 67% wheat (67% substitution for corn), and 100% wheat (100% substitution for corn) on a dry matter basis. The results showed that replacing corn with increasing amounts of wheat increased the apparent digestibility values of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein (p<0.05). While the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were lower with increasing amounts of wheat. Digestive enzyme activities of lipase, protease and amylase in the duodenum were higher with increasing wheat amounts (p<0.05), and showed similar results to those for the enzymes in the ileum except for amylase. Increased substitution of wheat for corn increased the serum alanine aminotransferase concentration (p<0.05). Ruminal pH was not different between those given only corn and those given 33% wheat. Increasing the substitution of wheat for corn increased the molar proportion of acetate and tended to increase the acetate-to-propionate ratio. Cattle fed 100% wheat tended to have the lowest ruminal NH3-N concentration compared with control (p<0.05), whereas no differences were observed among the cattle fed 33% and 67% wheat. These findings indicate that wheat can be effectively used to replace corn in moderate amounts to meet the energy and fiber requirements of beef cattle.
机译：这项研究的目的是评估含不同量小麦（部分或全部替代玉米）的日粮对肉牛的消化率，消化酶活性，血清代谢物含量和瘤胃发酵的影响。将4头体重为（400±10 kg）的Limousin×LuXi杂​​种牛与永久性瘤胃，十二指肠近端和回肠末端插管配合使用，以4×4拉丁方形设计进行四种处理：对照（​​100％玉米），以干物质计，小麦占33％（玉米占33％），小麦67％（玉米占67％）和小麦100％（玉米占100％）。结果表明，用增加量的小麦代替玉米可以提高干物质，有机物质和粗蛋白的表观消化率（p <0.05）。酸性洗涤剂纤维和中性洗涤剂纤维的表观消化率随小麦用量的增加而降低。随着小麦用量的增加，十二指肠中的脂肪酶，蛋白酶和淀粉酶的消化酶活性更高（p <0.05），除淀粉酶外，与回肠中的酶相似。小麦替代玉米的增加增加了血清丙氨酸转氨酶的浓度（p <0.05）。仅玉米和33％小麦的瘤胃pH值没有差异。增加小麦对玉米的替代会增加乙酸盐的摩尔比，并趋向于增加乙酸盐与丙酸酯的比率。与对照相比，饲喂100％小麦的牛的瘤胃NH3-N浓度最低（p <0.05），而饲喂33％和67％的牛的牛之间没有差异。这些发现表明，小麦可以有效地替代中等量的玉米，以满足肉牛的能量和纤维需求。

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