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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Effects of an Abrupt Change in Ration from All Roughage to High Concentrate upon Rumen Microbial Numbers in Sheep
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Effects of an Abrupt Change in Ration from All Roughage to High Concentrate upon Rumen Microbial Numbers in Sheep

机译：从粗饲料到高浓度的日粮突然变化对绵羊瘤胃微生物数量的影响

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When three sheep were abruptly changed from a ration of 100% orchardgrass hay to 60% cracked corn-40% orchardgrass hay, fed at equal dry-matter intakes, significant increases in concentration were observed in the rumen microbial population. Bacterial numbers (colony counts) per gram of rumen contents did not appear to have stabilized within 21 days after the ration change; however, protozoan numbers per milliliter plateaued after 5 days. The concentration of cellulose-digesting bacteria varied considerably between animals and decreased in all animals with the change. Changes were observed in total and molar percentages of volatile fatty acids, which were typical for the two types of rations. Although the concentration of protozoa increased after the ration change, only minor differences were observed in their percent generic distribution. A significant decrease in rumen volume was measured in two of the three sheep with the change in ration; however, fluid turnover rates were not significantly affected. Rates of rumen dry-matter turnover were slower with the concentrate ration, although rumen dry-matter digestion was increased. Calculation of total bacterial numbers based on total rumen volume completely negated the effect of ration change in one animal, whereas total numbers in the other two animals were still significantly different between rations and very similar between animals. Adjustment of total protozoa numbers did not alter the trends seen previously with concentration values.
机译：当三只绵羊突然从比例为100％的果园干草变成了60％破碎的玉米，40％果园干草的饲料时，干饲料摄入量相等，瘤胃微生物种群的浓度显着增加。定量改变后21天内，每克瘤胃内含物的细菌数（菌落数）似乎没有稳定；但是，每毫升的原生动物数量在5天后达到稳定水平。在动物之间，消化纤维素的细菌的浓度差异很大，并且随着变化，所有动物的纤维素含量降低。观察到挥发性脂肪酸的总百分比和摩尔百分比的变化，这是两种类型日粮典型的变化。尽管比例改变后原生动物的浓度增加了，但在它们的通用分布百分比中只观察到很小的差异。随着日粮的变化，三只绵羊中有两只绵羊的瘤胃体积显着下降。但是，流动率没有受到明显影响。尽管提高了瘤胃干物质消化率，但瘤胃干物质周转率随浓缩比的变化而变慢。根据总瘤胃体积计算细菌总数，完全消除了一只动物的日粮变化的影响，而其他两只动物的日粮之间的日粮之间仍然存在显着差异，并且动物之间非常相似。原生动物总数的调整并没有改变以前用浓度值看到的趋势。

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