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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of the National Medical Association >The education and medical practice of Dr. James McCune Smith (1813-1865) first black American to hold a medical degree.
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The education and medical practice of Dr. James McCune Smith (1813-1865) first black American to hold a medical degree.

机译：James McCune Smith博士（1813-1865）的教育和医学实践他是第一位拥有医学学位的美国黑人。

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James McCune Smith (1813-1865)--first black American to obtain a medical degree, prominent abolitionist and suffragist, compassionate physician, prolific writer, and public intellectual--has been relatively neglected by historians of medicine. No biography of Smith exists to this day, though he has been the subject of several essays. Born, in his own words, "the son of a self-emancipated bond-woman," and denied admission to colleges in the United States, his native land, Smith earned medical, master's, and baccalaureate degrees at Glasgow University in Scotland. On his return to New York City in 1837, Smith became the first black physician to publish articles in US medical journals. Smith was broadly involved in the anti-slavery and suffrage movements, contributing to and editing abolitionist newspapers and serving as an officer of many organizations for the improvement of social conditions in the black community. In his scientific writings Smith debunked the racial theories in Thomas Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia, refuted phrenology and homeopathy, and responded with a forceful statistical critique to the racially biased US Census of 1840. Frederick Douglass, Gerrit Smith, and John Brown personally collaborated with James McCune Smith in the fight for black freedom. As the learned physician-scholar of the abolition movement, Smith was instrumental in making the overthrow of slavery credible and successful.
机译：詹姆斯·麦卡奈·史密斯（James McCune Smith，1813-1865年）是第一位获得医学学位的黑人美国人，著名的废奴主义者和选举权主义者，富有同情心的医师，多产的作家和公共知识分子，一直被医学史学家相对忽视。史密斯至今还没有传记，尽管他一直是几篇论文的主题。用他自己的话说，“史密斯”是“一个自封为奴隶的女人的儿子”，并且拒绝入读美国的大学。他的故乡史密斯在苏格兰的格拉斯哥大学获得了医学，硕士学位和学士学位。 1837年返回纽约市后，史密斯成为第一位在美国医学期刊上发表文章的黑人医师。史密斯广泛参与了反奴隶制和选举权运动，为废奴主义报纸撰稿和编辑，并担任许多组织的官员，以改善黑人社区的社会状况。史密斯（Smith）在其科学著作中驳斥了托马斯·杰斐逊（Thomas Jefferson）的《弗吉尼亚州笔记》中的种族理论，驳斥了相貌学和顺势疗法，并对1840年种族偏见的美国人口普查做出了有力的统计批判。与詹姆斯·麦卡恩·史密斯（James McCune Smith）合作，争取黑人自由。作为废奴运动的博学多才的医生，史密斯在推翻奴隶制可信和成功方面发挥了作用。

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