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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Acta Orthopaedica >Osteoblast precursors and inflammatory cells arrive simultaneously to sites of a trabecular-bone injury
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Osteoblast precursors and inflammatory cells arrive simultaneously to sites of a trabecular-bone injury

机译：成骨细胞前体和炎性细胞同时到达小梁骨损伤部位

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Background and purpose — Fracture healing in the shaft is usually described as a sequence of events, starting with inflammation, which triggers mesenchymal tissue formation in successive steps. Most clinical fractures engage cancellous bone. We here describe fracture healing in cancellous bone, focusing on the timing of inflammatory and mesenchymal cell type appearance at the site of injuryMaterial and methods — Rats received a proximal tibial drill hole. A subgroup received clodronate-containing liposomes before or after surgery. The tibiae were analyzed with micro-CT and immunohistochemistry 1 to 7 days after injury.Results — Granulocytes (myeloperoxidase) appeared in moderate numbers within the hole at day 1 and then gradually disappeared. Macrophage expression (CD68) was seen on day 1, increased until day 3, and then decreased. Mesenchymal cells (vimentin) had already accumulated in the periphery of the hole on day 1. Mesenchymal cells dominated in the entire lesion on day 3, now producing extracellular matrix. A modest number of preosteoblasts (RUNX2) were seen on day 1 and peaked on day 4. Osteoid was seen on day 4 in the traumatized region, with a distinct border to the uninjured surrounding marrow. Clodronate liposomes given before the injury reduced the volume of bone formation at day 7, but no reduction in macrophage numbers could be detected.Interpretation — The typical sequence of events in shaft fractures was not seen. Mesenchymal cells appeared simultaneously with granulocyte and macrophage arrival. Clodronate liposomes, known to reduce macrophage numbers, seemed to be associated with the delineation of the volume of tissue to be replaced by bone. Most fracture healing studies in animal models concern cortical bone in shafts. However, most fractures in patients occur in cancellous bone in the metaphysis, such as the distal radius or in the vertebrae. A growing body of evidence suggests that there are important differences between the healing processes in cortical and cancellous bone.
机译：背景与目的—轴干骨折的愈合通常被描述为一系列事件，始于炎症，在随后的步骤中触发间质组织形成。大多数临床骨折均累及松质骨。我们在此描述松质骨的骨折愈合，重点是损伤部位发炎和间充质细胞类型出现的时间。材料和方法—大鼠在胫骨近端钻孔。一个亚组在手术前后接受含氯膦酸盐的脂质体。损伤后1至7天，用micro-CT和免疫组织化学分析胫骨。结果-第1天，小孔中出现了粒细胞（髓过氧化物酶），并逐渐消失。在第1天看到巨噬细胞表达（CD68），直到第3天才增加，然后下降。在第1天，间充质细胞（波形蛋白）已经聚集在孔的周围。在第3天，间充质细胞在整个病变中占主导地位，现在产生细胞外基质。在第1天观察到适量的成骨细胞（RUNX2），并在第4天达到峰值。在受创区域，第4天见类骨质，与未受伤的周围骨髓有明显的边界。损伤前给予的氯膦酸盐脂质体在第7天减少了骨形成的体积，但未检测到巨噬细胞数量的减少。解释—未见轴骨折的典型事件顺序。间质细胞与粒细胞和巨噬细胞到达同时出现。已知能减少巨噬细胞数量的氯膦酸盐脂质体似乎与要被骨替代的组织的体积有关。在动物模型中，大多数骨折愈合研究都涉及轴的皮质骨。但是，大多数患者的骨折都发生在干physi端的松质骨中，例如radius骨远端或椎骨。越来越多的证据表明，皮层和松质骨的愈合过程之间存在重要差异。

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