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Provenance paleoclimate and diagenetic signatures of sandstones in the Mamfe Basin (West Africa)

机译：芒夫盆地（西非）砂岩的物源古气候和成岩特征

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Petrography, heavy mineral and trace element geochemistry have been used to unravel the tectonic setting, source area lithology, diagenesis and paleoclimate conditions of the Mamfe sandstones. Quartz exists as monocrystalline (79%), and polycrystalline grains (21%). Orthoclase and microcline are the most dominant feldspars in the rocks. Heavy minerals such as zircon, tourmaline, kyanite, augite, garnets, hornblende, epidotes, diopside, muscovites, biotites, and opaque minerals were disclosed by the samples after bromoform separation. These sandstones are mineralogically and texturally immature and have been classified as arkose on the basis of the QFR diagram. QtFL plot indicates derivation mainly from a transitional continental region of continental block provenance with trace elements geochemical data pointing to a felsic source. The felsic sources are related to the Precambrian granitic/gneissic rocks which formed the basement and margins of the basin. The bivariant log-log Qt/F+R and Qp/F+R plot and the nature of quartz grains of the studied sandstone specimens indicate a semi-humid climatic condition prevailed at the time of deposition in a fluvial environment. The sandstones display deformation of mica, cementation, replacement, and albitization with some having an imprinted reddish brown color indicating a redoxmorphic, locomorphic and phyllomorphic diagenetic stages associated to early, burial and uplift diagenetic processes.
机译：岩石学，重矿物和微量元素地球化学已被用来揭示Mamfe砂岩的构造背景，源区岩性，成岩作用和古气候条件。石英以单晶（79％）和多晶粒（21％）的形式存在。正长石和微斜纹岩是岩石中最主要的长石。在溴仿分离后，样品中发现了重矿物，例如锆石，电气石，蓝晶石，辉石，石榴石，角闪石，epi石，透辉石，白云母，黑云母和不透明矿物。这些砂岩在矿物学和质地上是不成熟的，根据QFR图已被分类为黑石。 QtFL图表明主要来自大陆块物源的过渡大陆地区，微量元素地球化学数据指向长英质来源。这些长源与前寒武纪花岗岩/片麻岩有关，形成了盆地的基底和边缘。双变量对数对数Qt / F + R和Qp / F + R图以及所研究砂岩标本的石英晶粒性质表明，在河流环境中沉积时普遍存在半湿润的气候条件。砂岩表现出云母的变形，胶结，置换和铝化作用，其中一些具有印记的红棕色，表明与早期，埋藏和隆升成岩过程有关的氧化还原，局部和叶状成岩阶段。

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