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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology >Period gene expression in the diurnal degu (Octodon degus) differs from the nocturnal laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus)
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Period gene expression in the diurnal degu (Octodon degus) differs from the nocturnal laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus)

机译：昼夜degu（Octodon degus）中的时期基因表达与夜间实验大鼠（Rattus norvegicus）不同

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Recent data suggest that both nocturnal and diurnal mammals generate circadian rhythms using similarly phased feedback loops involving Period genes in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. These molecular oscillations also exist in the brain outside of the SCN, but the relationship between SCN and extra-SCN oscillations is unclear. We hypothesized that a comparison of “diurnal” and “nocturnal” central nervous system Per rhythms would uncover differences in the underlying circadian mechanisms between these two chronotypes. Therefore, this study compared the 24-h oscillatory patterns of Per1 and Per2 mRNA in the SCN and putative striatum and cortex of Octodon degus (degu), a diurnal hystricognath rodent, with those of the nocturnal laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus. The brains of adult male degus and rats were collected at 2-h intervals across 24 h in entrained light-dark and constant darkness conditions, and sections were analyzed via in situ hybridization. In the SCN, degu Per1 and Per2 hybridization signal exhibited 24-h oscillatory patterns similar in phasing to those seen in other rodents, with peaks occurring during the light period and troughs during the dark period. However, Per1 remained elevated for five fewer hours in the degu than in the rat, and Per2 remained elevated for two fewer hours in the degu. In brain areas outside of the SCN, the phase of Per2 hybridization signal rhythms in the degu were 180° out of phase with those found in the rat, and Per1 hybridization signal lacked significant rhythmicity. These results suggest that, while certain basic components of the transcriptional-translational feedback loop generating circadian rhythms are similar in diurnal and nocturnal mammals, there are variations that may reflect adaptations to circadian niche.
机译：最近的数据表明，夜间哺乳动物和昼夜哺乳动物都使用下丘脑上视交叉核（SCN）中涉及Period基因的相似阶段的反馈回路来产生昼夜节律。这些分子振荡也存在于SCN之外的大脑中，但尚不清楚SCN与Extra-SCN振荡之间的关系。我们假设将“昼夜”和“夜间”中枢神经系统每节律进行比较会发现这两种表型之间潜在的昼夜节律机制存在差异。因此，本研究比较了昼夜下颌啮齿类啮齿动物Octodon degus（degu）的SCN和推定的纹状体和皮层中的Per1和Per2 mRNA的24小时振荡模式，以及夜间实验鼠Rattus norvegicus的行为。在夹带的明暗和恒定黑暗条件下，在24小时内每隔2小时收集一次成年雄性degus和大鼠的大脑，并通过原位杂交分析切片。在SCN中，degu Per1和Per2杂交信号在相位上表现出与其他啮齿类动物相似的24小时振荡模式，峰值出现在亮期，低谷出现在低谷。但是，与大鼠相比，degu中Per1保持升高的时间少五个小时，而在degu中Per2保持升高的时间少两个小时。在SCN以外的大脑区域中，degu中的Per2杂交信号节律的相位与在大鼠中发现的相差180°，并且Per1杂交信号的节律缺乏明显。这些结果表明，虽然昼夜和夜间哺乳动物中产生昼夜节律的转录-翻译反馈环的某些基本组成部分相似，但仍有一些变化可能反映了对昼夜节律的适应。

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