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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Brain Behavior and Evolution >Bigger Brains or Bigger Nuclei? Regulating the Size of Auditory Structures in Birds
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Bigger Brains or Bigger Nuclei? Regulating the Size of Auditory Structures in Birds

机译：大脑更大还是细胞核更大？调节鸟类听觉结构的大小

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Increases in the size of the neuronal structures that mediate specific behaviors are believed to be related to enhanced computational performance. It is not clear, however, what developmental and evolutionary mechanisms mediate these changes, nor whether an increase in the size of a given neuronal population is a general mechanism to achieve enhanced computational ability. We addressed the issue of size by analyzing the variation in the relative number of cells of auditory structures in auditory specialists and generalists. We show that bird species with different auditory specializations exhibit variation in the relative size of their hindbrain auditory nuclei. In the barn owl, an auditory specialist, the hind-brain auditory nuclei involved in the computation of sound location show hyperplasia. This hyperplasia was also found in songbirds, but not in non-auditory specialists. The hyperplasia of auditory nuclei was also not seen in birds with large body weight suggesting that the total number of cells is selected for in auditory specialists. In barn owls, differences observed in the relative size of the auditory nuclei might be attributed to modifications in neurogenesis and cell death. Thus, hyperplasia of circuits used for auditory computation accompanies auditory specialization in different orders of birds.
机译：介导特定行为的神经元结构的大小的增加被认为与增强的计算性能有关。但是，尚不清楚什么发育和进化机制介导这些变化，也不清楚给定神经元群体的大小增加是否是实现增强计算能力的一般机制。我们通过分析听觉专家和通才中听觉结构的相对细胞数量的变化来解决尺寸问题。我们表明，具有不同听觉专长的鸟类物种在其后脑听觉核的相对大小方面表现出差异。在谷仓猫头鹰的听觉专家中，参与声音位置计算的后脑听觉核显示增生。这种增生也存在于鸣禽中，但非听觉专家中没有。在体重较大的鸟类中也未见到听核的增生，这表明在听觉专家中已选择了细胞总数。在仓n中，听觉核相对大小的差异可能归因于神经发生和细胞死亡的改变。因此，用于听觉计算的电路的增生伴随着不同级别鸟类的听觉专业化。

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