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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Nematology >Methyl Bromide Alternatives for Control of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) in Tomato Production in Florida
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Methyl Bromide Alternatives for Control of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) in Tomato Production in Florida

机译：佛罗里达州番茄生产中控制根结线虫（Meloidogyne spp。）的甲基溴替代物

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The following work was initiated to determine the scope of application methodology and fumigant combinations for increasing efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and metam sodium for management of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Florida. A series of five experiments were set up during spring and fall seasons to evaluate the potential of different fumigants, alone or in combination, in polyethylene film tomato production. The most promising chemical alternatives to methyl bromide, in terms of root-knot nematode management, were the combinations 1,3-D-chloropicrin, chloropicrin-proprietary solvent ,and 1,3-D-metam sodium. Sprayed or injected metam sodium generally provided only short-term nematode management and by harvest nematode infection was not different from the nontreated control. Drip-applied metam sodium gave good nematode management under high nematode pressure, but needs further verification to establish (i) the importance of soil moisture and temperature on treatment efficacy and (ii) whether similar management can be obtained with fewer than three drip tubes. Broadcast applications of 1,3-D showed better efficacy as compared to applications on a preformed raised bed. Fumigation did not increase tomato yields in spring when root-knot nematode pressure was low, but during fall all chemical treatments increased yields three to five-fold, as root-knot nematode was a major yield-limiting factor.
机译：开展了以下工作，以确定在佛罗里达州用于提高根结线虫（Meloidogyne spp。）管理的1,3-二氯丙烯（1,3-D）和间位钠的功效的应用方法和熏蒸剂组合的范围。在春季和秋季分别进行了五个实验，以评估不同熏蒸剂（单独或组合使用）在聚乙烯薄膜番茄生产中的潜力。就根结线虫的管理而言，最有希望替代甲基溴的化学替代品是1,3-D-氯苦味精，氯苦素专有溶剂和1,3-D-甲am钠的组合。喷洒或注射的metam钠通常仅提供短期线虫管理，并且收获线虫感染与未处理的对照组没有区别。在较高的线虫压力下，滴灌的metam钠可以很好地控制线虫，但是还需要进一步验证以确认（i）土壤湿度和温度对处理效果的重要性，以及（ii）是否可以用少于三个的滴管来获得类似的处理。与预成型高架床相比，1,3-D的广播应用显示出更好的功效。春季，当根结线虫是主要的产量限制因素时，熏蒸并没有增加番茄的产量，但根结线虫的压力却很低，但在秋季，所有化学处理均使番茄的产量提高了三到五倍。

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