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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>OMICS : a Journal of Integrative Biology >Pharmacogenomics and Global Precision Medicine in the Context of Adverse Drug Reactions: Top 10 Opportunities and Challenges for the Next Decade
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Pharmacogenomics and Global Precision Medicine in the Context of Adverse Drug Reactions: Top 10 Opportunities and Challenges for the Next Decade

机译：药物不良反应背景下的药物基因组学和全球精密医学：下一个十年的十大机遇和挑战

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In a move indicative of the enthusiastic support of precision medicine, the U.S. President Barack Obama announced the Precision Medicine Initiative in January 2015. The global precision medicine ecosystem is, thus, receiving generous support from the United States ($215 million), and numerous other governments have followed suit. In the context of precision medicine, drug treatment and prediction of its outcomes have been important for nearly six decades in the field of pharmacogenomics. The field offers an elegant solution for minimizing the effects and occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) plays an important role in this context, and it aims at specifically guiding the translation of clinically relevant and evidence-based pharmacogenomics research. In this forward-looking analysis, we make particular reference to several of the CPIC guidelines and their role in guiding the treatment of highly relevant diseases, namely cardiovascular disease, major depressive disorder, cancer, and human immunodeficiency virus, with a view to predicting and managing ADRs. In addition, we provide a list of the top 10 crosscutting opportunities and challenges facing the fields of precision medicine and pharmacogenomics, which have broad applicability independent of the drug class involved. Many of these opportunities and challenges pertain to infrastructure, study design, policy, and science culture in the early 21st century. Ultimately, rational pharmacogenomics study design and the acquisition of comprehensive phenotypic data that proportionately match the genomics data should be an imperative as we move forward toward global precision medicine.
机译：美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马（Barack Obama）于2015年1月宣布了“精准医学倡议”，以表示对精准医学的热烈支持。全球精准医学生态系统因此受到了美国的慷慨支持（2.15亿美元），以及众多其他政府也纷纷效仿。在精密医学的背景下，药物基因组学领域的近六十年来，药物治疗及其结果的预测一直很重要。该领域为减少药物不良反应（ADR）的影响和发生提供了一个优雅的解决方案。在此背景下，临床药物遗传学实施联盟（CPIC）发挥着重要作用，它旨在专门指导临床相关和循证药物基因组学研究的翻译。在此前瞻性分析中，我们特别参考了一些CPIC指南及其在指导高度相关疾病（即心血管疾病，重大抑郁症，癌症和人类免疫缺陷病毒）的治疗中所起的作用，以期预测和管理ADR。此外，我们提供了精确医学和药物基因组学领域面临的十大交叉领域机遇和挑战的列表，这些领域具有广泛的适用性，而与所涉及的药物类别无关。这些机会和挑战中有许多与21世纪初期的基础设施，研究设计，政策和科学文化有关。最终，随着我们朝着全球精密医学的方向发展，合理的药物基因组学研究设计和与基因组数据成比例匹配的综合表型数据的获取应该成为当务之急。

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