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Temperature dependence of ice-on-rock friction at realistic glacier conditions

机译:现实冰川条件下冰与岩石摩擦的温度依赖性

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摘要

Using a new biaxial friction apparatus, we conducted experiments of ice-on-rock friction in order to better understand basal sliding of glaciers and ice streams. A series of velocity-stepping and slide–hold–slide tests were conducted to measure friction and healing at temperatures between −20°C and melting. Experimental conditions in this study are comparable to subglacial temperatures, sliding rates and effective pressures of Antarctic ice streams and other glaciers, with load-point velocities ranging from 0.5 to 100 µm s−1 and normal stress σn = 100 kPa. In this range of conditions, temperature dependences of both steady-state friction and frictional healing are considerable. The friction increases linearly with decreasing temperature (temperature weakening) from μ = 0.52 at −20°C to μ = 0.02 at melting. Frictional healing increases and velocity dependence shifts from velocity-strengthening to velocity-weakening behaviour with decreasing temperature. Our results indicate that the strength and stability of glaciers and ice streams may change considerably over the range of temperatures typically found at the ice–bed interface.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Microdynamics of ice’.
机译:为了更好地了解冰川和冰流的基础滑动,我们使用新型的双轴摩擦装置进行了冰上岩石摩擦实验。进行了一系列速度步进和滑动-保持-滑动测试,以测量在-20°C至熔化温度之间的摩擦和恢复。本研究的实验条件与南极冰河和其他冰川的冰下温度,滑动速率和有效压力相当,载荷点速度范围为0.5至100µm s -1 ,法向应力σn= 100 kPa。在此条件范围内,稳态摩擦和摩擦恢复的温度相关性都很大。摩擦随着温度的降低(温度减弱)线性增加,从-20℃的μ= 0.52到熔化时的μmelting = 0.02。随着温度的降低,摩擦愈合增加,速度依赖性从速度加强行为转变为速度减弱行为。我们的结果表明,冰川和冰流的强度和稳定性可能会在通常位于冰床界面的温度范围内发生很大变化。本文是“冰的微动力学”主题问题的一部分。

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