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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Scientific Reports >Tunable Wide-Angle Tunneling in Graphene-Assisted Frustrated Total Internal Reflection
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Tunable Wide-Angle Tunneling in Graphene-Assisted Frustrated Total Internal Reflection

机译：石墨烯辅助的全内反射可调谐广角隧道

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摘要

Electrically tunable permittivity of graphene provides an excellent tool in photonic device design. Many previous works on graphene-based photonic devices relied on variable absorption in graphene, which is naturally small in the optical region, and resonant structures to enhance it. Here we proposed a novel scheme to control evanescent coupling strength by inserting two graphene layers to a frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) configuration. The resulting structure behaves in a drastically different way from the original FTIR: optical transmission though the structure can be electrically controlled from ~10−5 to ~1 with little dependency on angle of incidence. This unique feature stems from the fact that the permittivity of doped graphene can be close to zero at a certain photon energy. The electrical controllability of evanescent coupling strength can enable novel design of optical devices. As a proof-of-concept, we designed a waveguide-type optical modulator of a novel operation principle: transmission modulation depends on the electrically controlled existence of a guided-mode of the waveguide, not the variation of the ohmic loss of graphene, resulting in a low insertion loss and a small device footprint.
机译：石墨烯的电可调介电常数为光子器件设计提供了极好的工具。以前基于石墨烯的光子器件的许多工作都依赖于石墨烯的可变吸收，该吸收在光学区域中自然很小，并且存在共振结构来增强它。在这里，我们提出了一种新颖的方案，通过将两个石墨烯层插入受挫的全内反射（FTIR）配置来控制e逝耦合强度。所得结构与原始FTIR的行为截然不同：尽管该结构可以在〜10 −5 至〜1范围内进行电控制，但对入射角的依赖性很小。这种独特的特征源于以下事实：在一定的光子能量下，掺杂石墨烯的介电常数可以接近于零。 van逝耦合强度的电可控性可以实现光学器件的新颖设计。作为概念验证，我们设计了一种新颖的工作原理的波导型光调制器：传输调制取决于波导的导模的电控制存在，而不是石墨烯欧姆损耗的变化，从而插入损耗低且设备占用空间小。

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