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Heterogeneous environments shape invader impacts: integrating environmental structural and functional effects by isoscapes and remote sensing

机译:异构环境影响入侵者的影响:通过等值线和遥感整合环境结构和功能的影响

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摘要

Spatial heterogeneity of ecosystems crucially influences plant performance, while in return plant feedbacks on their environment may increase heterogeneous patterns. This is of particular relevance for exotic plant invaders that transform native ecosystems, yet, approaches integrating geospatial information of environmental heterogeneity and plant-plant interaction are lacking. Here, we combined remotely sensed information of site topography and vegetation cover with a functional tracer of the N cycle, δ15N. Based on the case study of the invasion of an N2-fixing acacia in a nutrient-poor dune ecosystem, we present the first model that can successfully predict (R 2 = 0.6) small-scale spatial variation of foliar δ15N in a non-fixing native species from observed geospatial data. Thereby, the generalized additive mixed model revealed modulating effects of heterogeneous environments on invader impacts. Hence, linking remote sensing techniques with tracers of biological processes will advance our understanding of the dynamics and functioning of spatially structured heterogeneous systems from small to large spatial scales.
机译:生态系统的空间异质性严重影响植物的生长性能,而作为回报,植物对环境的反馈可能会增加异质性模式。这对于改变本地生态系统的外来植物入侵者特别重要,但是,缺乏整合环境异质性和植物-植物相互作用的地理空间信息的方法。在这里,我们将遥感的站点地形和植被覆盖信息与N周期的功能示踪物δ 15 N结合在一起。基于对沙丘养分贫瘠的生态系统中固定N2的金合欢的入侵的案例研究,我们提出了第一个可以成功预测(R 2 = 0.6)沙丘小空间变化的模型。根据观测的地理空间数据,在非固定的天然物种中的叶片δ 15 N。因此,广义的加性混合模型揭示了异质环境对入侵者影响的调节作用。因此,将遥感技术与生物过程示踪剂联系起来将使我们对从小到大的空间尺度的空间结构异构系统的动力学和功能的理解。

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