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Experimental investigation on the coupled effect of effective stress and gas slippage on the permeability of shale

机译:有效应力与瓦斯滑移对页岩渗透率耦合影响的实验研究

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摘要

Permeability is one of the most important parameters to evaluate gas production in shale reservoirs. Because shale permeability is extremely low, gas is often used in the laboratory to measure permeability. However, the measured apparent gas permeability is higher than the intrinsic permeability due to the gas slippage effect, which could be even more dominant for materials with nanopores. Increasing gas pressure during tests reduces gas slippage effect, but it also decreases the effective stress which in turn influences the permeability. The coupled effect of gas slippage and effective stress on shale permeability remains unclear. Here we perform laboratory experiments on Longmaxi shale specimens to explore the coupled effect. We use the pressure transient method to measure permeability under different stress and pressure conditions. Our results reveal that the apparent measured permeability is controlled by these two competing effects. With increasing gas pressure, there exists a pressure threshold at which the dominant effect on permeability switches from gas slippage to effective stress. Based on the Klinkenberg model, we propose a new conceptual model that incorporates both competing effects. Combining microstructure analysis, we further discuss the roles of stress, gas pressure and water contents on gas permeability of shale.
机译:渗透率是评估页岩储层天然气产量的最重要参数之一。由于页岩渗透率极低,因此实验室通常使用气体来测量渗透率。然而,由于气体滑移效应,所测得的表观气体渗透率高于固有渗透率,这对于具有纳米孔的材料而言甚至更为明显。在测试过程中增加气压会降低气体打滑效果,但同时也会降低有效应力,进而影响渗透率。瓦斯滑移和有效应力对页岩渗透率的耦合作用仍不清楚。在这里,我们对Longmaxi页岩标本进行实验室实验,以探讨耦合效应。我们使用压力瞬变方法来测量不同应力和压力条件下的渗透率。我们的结果表明,表观测得的渗透率受这两种竞争效应的控制。随着气体压力的增加,存在一个压力阈值,在该阈值上对渗透率的主要影响从气体滑移变为有效应力。在克林肯伯格模型的基础上,我们提出了一个新的概念模型,其中包含了两种竞争效应。结合微观结构分析,我们进一步讨论了应力,气压和含水量对页岩气渗透率的作用。

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