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Neural correlates underlying impaired memory facilitation and suppression of negative material in depression

机译：神经与潜在的记忆障碍和抑郁中的负性物质抑制相关

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Previous behavioral studies demonstrated that depressed individuals have difficulties in forgetting unwanted, especially negative, event. However, inconsistent results still exit and the neural mechanism of this phenomenon has not been investigated. This study examined the intentional memory facilitation/suppression of negative and neutral materials in depression using Think/No-Think paradigm. We found that compared with nondepressed group, depressed group recalled more negative items, irrespective of either "Think" or "No-Think" instructions. Accordingly, the frontal N2 (reflecting voluntary memory inhibition) and parietal late positive component (LPC) (reflecting conscious recollection) showed deflection for negative items in depressed compared with nondepressed participants. On the one hand, the reduced N2 for negative "No-Think" items indicated that depressed individuals have low motivation to suppress negative items so intentional forgetting is less successful for mood-congruent events. On the other hand, the enhanced LPC for negative "Think" items suggested that negative memories are excessively revisited by depressed participants (compared with nondepressed ones) due to their mood-congruent and intrusive nature. Thus we demonstrated that depressed individuals show behavioral and ERP deviations from healthy controls for both voluntary suppression and conscious retrieval of negative memory; the two abnormalities of memory control together contribute to the difficulties in forgetting negative material in depression.
机译：先前的行为研究表明，沮丧的人很难忘记不必要的事件，尤其是负面事件。但是，仍然存在不一致的结果，并且尚未研究这种现象的神经机制。这项研究使用“思考/不思考”范式检查了抑郁中的负性和中性物质的故意记忆促进/抑制。我们发现，与非抑郁组相比，抑郁组召回了更多的负面项目，而与“思考”或“不思考”说明无关。因此，与未抑郁的参与者相比，额叶N2（反映自愿性记忆抑制）和顶叶晚期阳性成分（LPC）（反映有意识的回忆）显示出抑郁症患者的负项偏向。一方面，消极的“无思想”项目的N2降低表明，沮丧的人抑制消极项目的动机很低，因此在情绪一致的事件中故意遗忘不太成功。另一方面，针对消极的“思考”项目的增强型LPC表明，由于消沉的参与者（与未消沉的参与者相比）情绪一致且具有侵入性，因此会过度地回访消极的记忆。因此，我们证明了沮丧的人表现出行为和ERP偏离健康控制的自愿抑制和有意识的消极记忆；记忆控制的两个异常共同导致了在抑郁中忘记负物质的困难。

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